现代大学英语精读四课件PPT 97页

'ADrinkinthePassage AuthorAlanPaton(1903-1988) AlanPatonwasborninPietermaritzburg,SouthAfrica.Hestartedhiscareerbyteaching ataschoolinIxopo.Thedramaticcareerchangetodirectorofareformatory(管教所）forblackyouthsatDiepkloof,nearJohannesburg,hadaprofoundeffectonhisthinking.ThepublicationofCry,theBelovedCountry(1948)madehimoneofSouthAfrica’sbestknownwriters,andbythetimehedied,ithadsoldover15millioncopies.Followinghisnon-racialideals,hehelpedtofoundtheSouthAfricanLiberalPartyandbecameitspresident. HisWorksCry,theBelovedCountryPerhapsthemostfamousnoveltocomeoutofSouthAfrica,Paton’s1948workbroughttothenoticeoftheworldthedilemmasofordinarySouthAfricanslivingunderanoppressivesystem,onewhichthreatenedtodestroytheirveryhumanity.InformedbyPaton’sChristianandliberalbeliefs,thenoveltellsofaruralZuluparson’s（牧师）heart-breakingsearchforhisson,whohasbeendrawnintothecriminalunderworldofthecity.Cry,theBelovedCountryhassoldmillionsofcopiesaroundtheworld. ApartheidWiththeenactmentofapartheidlawsin1948,racialdiscriminationwasinstitutionalized（使制度化）.Racelawstouchedeveryaspectofsociallife,includingaprohibitionofmarriagebetweennon-whitesandwhites,andthesanctioning（认可）of“white-only”jobs.In1950,thePopulationRegistrationActrequiredthatallSouthAfricansberaciallyclassifiedintooneofthreecategories:white,black(African),orcolored(ofmixeddecent).Thecolouredcategoryincluded ApartheidmajorsubgroupsofIndiansandAsians.Classificationintothesecategorieswasbasedonappearance,socialacceptance,anddescent（血统）.Non-compliancewiththeracelawsweredealtwithharshly.Allblackswererequiredtocarry“passbooks”containingfingerprints,photoandinformationonaccesstonon-blackareas. ApartheidIn1960,alargegroupofblacksinSharpevillerefusedtocarrytheirpasses;thegovernmentdeclaredastateofemergency.Theemergencylastedfor156days,leaving69peopledeadand187peoplewounded.Wielding（掌握、运用）thePublicSafetyActandtheCriminalLawAmendmentAct,thewhiteregimehadnointentionofchangingtheunjustlawsofapartheid. Jubileen.adatethatiscelebratedbecauseitisexactly25years,50yearsetc.afteranimportantevent25、50/60年等具有特殊意义的周年纪念Doyouknowhowmanyyearstheyaremarking?1.silverjubileeA.50years2.goldenjubileeB.60years3.diamondjubileeC.25years1----C2----A3----B ThenewscausedasensationbecauseitprovedthatDorlinstillhadgolddeposits.ThisisashowthatwouldcauseasensationinLondonorNewYork.extremeexcitementorinterest,orsomeoneorsomethingthatcausesthis轰动、引起轰动的人或事Wordformationssensational(a.)sensationalize(v.)17.sensation(1)n. afeelingthatyougetfromoneofyourfivesenses,感官的感觉能力Thesensationofsight视觉Sensationoftiredness疲劳感Hecouldfeelnosensationinhisarm.他觉得自己的手臂麻木了。17.sensation(2)n. Carolinehadthesensationthatshewasbeingwatched.Itwasastrangesensation—IfeltI’dbeentherebefore.n.afeelingthatisdifficulttodescribe,causedbyaparticularevent,experience,ormemory感觉、知觉17.sensation(3) Intheyear1960theUnionAfricacelebrateditsGoldenJubilee,andtherewasanationwidesensationwhentheone-thousand-poundprizeforthefinestpieceofsculpturewaswonbyablackman,EdwardSimelane.Intheyear1960,theUnionofSouthAfricacelebrateditsfiftiethanniversary,andtherewasagreatexcitementthroughoutthecountrywhenpeopleheardthattheprizeforthefinestpieceofsculpturewaswonbyablackman. excite:toarouse激起、激发Hisspeechdidn’texcitemuchinterestinvoters.Thenewshascertainlyexcitedcomment. conscience(1)n.a.thepartofyourmindthattellsyouwhetherwhatyouaredoingismorallyrightorwrongHewasamanofstrongsocialconscience,whoactivelycampaignedagainstpovertyinallitsforms.Well,atleastIcanfacethemallwithaclear/goodconscience(=whenyouknowthatyouhavedonenothingwrong).Iteasedherownconscience.不再受良心责备 conscience(2)n.b.aguiltyfeelingthatyouhaveaboutsomethingbadyouhavedoneAnnfeltapang(剧痛）/twinge（刺痛）ofconscienceathavingmisjudgedher.Theyhavenoconscienceatallaboutcheating.(=notfeelguiltyaboutcheating) Hiswork,AfricanMotherandChild,(1)notonlyexcitedtheadmiration,(2)buttouchedthe(A)conscienceor(B)heartor(C)whateveritwasthatrespondedofwhiteSouthAfrica.thatresponded:heremeansrespondedinthatwayorsimilarlyresponded(3)seemedlikelytomakehimfamous… Itwasbyacarelessmistakethathisworkwasaccepted,becauseasablackperson,hewasnotsupposedtoparticipateinthecompetition.emphaticstructureamistakethatyoumakebynotnoticingsth.orbyforgettingtodosth.错误、疏漏Itwasbyanoversightthathisworkwasaccepted… segregate(1)v.a.toseparateonegroupofpeoplefromothers,especiallybecausetheyareofadifferentrace,sex,orreligion(oppo.)integrateMaleprisonerswerestrictlysegregatedfromthefemales.Schoolsshouldnotsegregatechildrenwithdisabilities.Blacksweresegregatedfromwhitesinschools. segregate(2)v.b.toseparateonepartofaplaceorthingfromanotherThecoffeeroomhadbeensegregatedintosmokingandnon-smokingareas.Theytooweresegregatedintowagonsforfamiliesandthoseforsinglemen.separatekeepsb.apartisolatecutsb.offfromapartheid南非种族隔离(=segregation) reprimandv.&n.totellsomeoneofficiallythatsomethingtheyhavedoneisverywrongtoreceivedaseverereprimandforsth.OncehehadforgottentolockMrCorcoran’sofficeandhadbeenharshlyreprimanded.Themilitarycourtreprimandedhimforfailingtodohisduty.aprivatereprimand:acriticismthatisnotmakepublic omit:toleaveout1.遗漏、疏忽、忘记Heomittedtostatehisreasons.Don’tomitlocking(or:tolock)thedoor.2.省略、删节Omitapassagefromthetext.omissionomissible可省略的omissive:省略的、遗漏的 so…asto…I’mnotsostupidastobelievehim.indisputably:dispute:toargueaboutsth.esp.angrilyandforalongperiod争论disputable:abletobequestioned有争辩余地的 bringsth.toaclose：toendorconcludesth.结束Finallythemeetingwasbroughttoaclosebythenewchairman.Thegovernmentwasanxioustobringthehostagecrisistoaclose. …butincertainpowerfulquarters,therewasanoutcryagainstanydeparturefromthe“traditionalpolicies”ofthecountry…ausuallyunspecifiedgroupofpeopleastrongprotestorobjection…butincertainpoliticallyinfluentialcircles,therewasastrongprotestagainstthisdecisionasitwasnotinconformitywiththetraditional,apartheidpoliciesofthecountry…referringtotheracialpolicieswhichhadbeenineffectformanyyears quarters(from,among,in):某方面的人士Informationfromthehighquarters来自高层的信息outcry:公开抗议、呐喊Despitetheoutcry,theuniversityrefusedtochangeitsadmissionpolicies.departure(from):adivergencefromaruleortraditionalpractice偏离、背离、违反Theirnewdesignsrepresentadeparturefromtheirusualstyle. renouncev.togiveup(atitle,forexample),especiallybyformalannouncement声明放弃EdwardrenouncedhisclaimtotheFrenchthrone.RudolphvoluntarilyrenouncedhisU.S.citizenship.Weabsolutelyrenounceallformsofterrorism.Thesegroupsmustrenounceviolenceifthereistobeprogresstowardspeace. Avert避免、防止vt.topreventsomethingunpleasantfromhappeningTalkswillbeheldtodayinafinalattempttoavertstrikeaction.Luckilythepilotsawtheotherplanejustintime,andadisasterwasnarrowlyaverted.Iwasrelievedthatwehadavertedyetanotherfinancialcrisis. feeluptosth.tohavethestrength,energyetctodosomething;tobewellenoughto有力气、有精力去做某事Ijustdidn’tfeeluptogoing.Youdon’tneedtogobacktoschoolifyoudon’tfeeluptoit.HeisscheduledtojointheteaminCalgarylatetodayifhisbackisfeelinguptoit. InOrlandoyoudevelopathroatofiron,andyoujustputbackyourheadandputitdown,incasethepoliceshouldarrive.metaphor:astrongthroatInOrlandoyou(theblacks)graduallydevelopathroatasstrongasiron,andyoujustthrowbackyourheadanddrinkthebrandyupinonegulpinordertoavoidpolicedetection.subjunctivemoodintroducedby“incase（唯恐、以免、以防）” Develop:tocometohavegradually;tocomegraduallytoexistence养成、培养Developatastefor…aninterestin…putback:throwbackputitdown:drinkitdowninonegulpAthroatofiron:Becausebrandyisaverystrongdrink,soifyouoftendrinkitveryquickly,youwillgetaverystrongthroat. Culturalnote1:Accordingtoapartheidlaws,blackscouldnotremaininthebigcitiesafteracertainhouratnight.Orlandomustbesmalltownwhereblackslive. Culturalnote2:Brandyisanexpensivedrinkthatwasusuallyconsumesbywell-to-dowhitefolksinApartheidSouthAfricawhowouldsipslowlyfromabrandyglass.WhenablackpersonlikeSimelaneevergotachancetodrinkbrandy,hewouldusuallyuseasmallglassanddrinkitquicklyforfearthathemightbeseenandarrestedbythepoliceforbreakingthelaw.Abrandyglassisalargeonewithawidebowlandnarrowtop.Itisthisshapesothatthedrinkercanappreciatethearomaofbrandy. Theygaveawindowtoit,withawhitevelvetbackdrop,ifthereisanythingcalledwhitevelvet,andsomecomplimentarywords.Theygaveawholewindowtothesculpturewithawhitecurtainatthebackandsomewordsinpraiseofthework.Thecurtain(backdrop)wasmadeofwhitevelvet,ifthereissuchathingaswhitevelvet.wordsexpressingpraise/admirationIt’shardtoassociate“whitevelvet”with“softness”“smoothness”inanapartheidcountry.(velvet:丝绒、天鹅绒；丝绒般光滑、柔软） complimentary:Shewascomplimentaryabouthiswork.她对他的工作赞美有加。Compliment:恭维（话）Make(or:pay)acomplimenttosb.onsth.Pleasenote:Complementary:补充的 Thestation:therailwaystationHerald:先驱者、信使Inthetext:thenameofanewspaperThesculptorlivesinOrlandoasheisnotallowedtoliveinthebigcityandthereforehastocommutebytraineveryday. squintattolookatsomethingwithyoureyespartlyclosedinordertoseebetter眯着眼睛看、斜着眼睛看Mrs.Fanningsquintedatthewritingonthedoor.Stopsquintingatthescreen—putyourglasseson.Hehad/tookasquintattheheadlineofthenews. outofthecornerofyoureye:Inasecretiveway秘密的、暗地里;withoutlookingdirectlyorintentionally不直视、窥视pleasenote:Thephraseisusuallyusedtogetherwithlook,seeglance,notice,etc.Theword‘eye’issingular. indulge:toengagein;totakepartin,heremeans‘toenjoy’沉溺于,享受pleasurable:使人快乐的、使人满意的、舒适的Apleasurablemeetingbetweenoldfriendscontemplation:1.theactofthinkingdeeplyandquietly2.Theactoflookingatsth.quietlyandsolemnly …soIthoughtI’dgoandseethewindow,andindulgecertainpleasurablehumanfeelings.Imusthavegotalittlelostinthecontemplationofmyowngenius…SoIthoughtI’dgoandseethewindow,andenjoysecretlysomepleasantfeelings—feelingsofprideformyowngenius.Imusthavebecometooabsorbedinmythinkingaboutmyowngenius…beengrossed/absorbedinHewaslostintheplotofthenovel. confidentiala.spokenorwritteninsecretandintendedtobekeptsecret1.秘密的、机密的2.表示信任或亲密的Theinformationwereceivedisofahighlyconfidentialnatureandrelatestonationalsecurity.Weholdconfidentialrecordsoneachemployee.Afterdrinkingtoeachother,theybecamequiteconfidential.彼此敬酒后推心置腹、无话不谈。 feellike:Idon’tfeelliketakingatripFeelliketea/coffee/arest…andall:includingthethingorthingsjustmentioned以及其它一切、等等Theyatethewholefish—head,bones,tail,andall.Thebosspromisedtoprovidemewithacomputerandall.roundthecorner:verynear;comingsoon Icouldn’thavetoldhimmyname.Why?ItmightbethatSimelanehadbeenactingasifhewereadmiringsomebodyelse’sworkofartandthereforeitwouldbeembarrassingtorevealhistrueidentity.Hedidnotwanttheotherpersontoknowthathewasindulginginadmiringhisowngenius,esp.afterhearingthecomplimentsofthisstranger.Ontheotherhand,itmightalsoshowthatSimelanewasaveryhumbleperson,orwecouldsaythat’sacommoncharacteristicofblackpeoplebecauseofthesegregationanddiscrimination. startoff:tobegintomove;tobeginajourney Wedidn’texactlywalkabreast,buthedidn’texactlywalkinfrontofme.walkabreast:towalksidebysideQ:Isthereanysymbolicmeaningofthesentence?Woulditbeaproblemforthemtowalkabreast?A:Ablackwasnottheequalofwhitesotheywouldneverwalksidebysideasequals. Constrainv.a.tostopsomeonefromdoingwhattheywanttodob.tolimitsomething限制、克制、约束、抑制Financialfactorsshouldnotconstraindoctorsfromprescribingthebesttreatmentforpatients.Women’semploymentopportunitiesareoftenseverelyconstrainedbyfamilycommitments.Constrained:被迫的；强装出来的Hefeltconstrainedtoaccepttheinvitation.Aconstrainedsmile:强作的笑容 expelv.a.toforceair,water,orgasetcoutofyourbodyoroutofacontainer排出、喷出Expelairfromthelings.b.toofficiallyforcesomeonetoleaveaschoolororganization把。。。除名Twogirlswereexpelledfromschoolfortakingdrugs.Themainoppositionleaderwasexpelledfromherparty. suspend:1.tohangfromabove;tohangsoastoallowfreemovement悬挂、使悬浮Tosuspendalampfromtheceiling.2.tostoporcausetobeinactiveforaperiodoftime停止、延缓Schoolclassesweresuspendedforfearofspreadofepidemic.3.topreventfromtakingpartinateam polish(1)v.&n.a.tomakesomethingsmooth,bright,andshinybyrubbingit擦亮、抛光Aftershehadpolishedthefurniture,shecleanedthewindows.Agoodpolishnowandthenwillkeepthetablelookingnew.furniture/shoe/floor,etc.polish上光剂(=aliquid,powder,orothersubstancethatyourubintoasurfacetomakeitsmoothandshiny) polish(2)v.&n.b.toimproveapieceofwriting,aspeechetcbymakingslightchangestoitbeforeitiscompletelyfinishedYouressayisgood,youjustneedtopolishitabit.Carla’swritinghaspotential,butitlackspolish. impersonaldoors:thedoorslookedunfriendly,onereasonmightbetheylookedallthesamewithnonamesorsignsonthemasthisisacheapapartmentbuilding a.a.notshowinganyfeelingsofsympathy,friendlinessetc.没有感情的、冷淡的b.aplaceorsituationthatisimpersonaldoesnotmakepeoplefeelthattheyareimportant没有人情味的Businesslettersdonothavetobeimpersonalandformal.Ihatestayinginhotels;they’resoimpersonal.Ihadnodesiretoworkforalarge,impersonalorganization. JustsigningyournameonaChristmascardseemstooimpersonal.太没人情味 “Sorrythere’snobrandy,”hesaid.“Onlywine.Here’shappiness.”brandyisgenerallyconsideredmoreexpensivestuff.VanRansburgwantedtotreathisguest—”I”—withthebestthinghehad.Hehasnobiasorprejudicetowardsblackpeople.Here’shappiness:Let’sdrinktoyourhappiness.VanRensburgwasproposingatoast(干杯、祝酒）. Iwas（n’tonly）feelingwhatyoumaybethinking,我当时的感觉（不仅仅只是）就像你认为的一样。Q：Ifyouwereaskedtodrinkinapassagejustoutsideofsomeone’sapartment,notinvitedintotheapartment,tositdownanddrinkproperly,howwouldyoufeel?Youmightbethinkingthatitwasaninsult;andthatwasmyfeelingatthemoment.Besidesthisfeeling,therewassth.else. Iwasn’tonlyfeelingwhatyoumaybethinking,Iwasthinkingthatoneoftheimpersonaldoorsmightopenatanymoment,andsomeonemightseemein“white”building,andseemeandvanRensburgbreakingtheliquorlawsofthecountry.Youmightbethinkingthatitwasaninsulttohavemedrinkinthepassageinsteadofinvitingmeintotheirapartment,tositdownanddrinkproperly.Yes,Iwasfeelingthatway.Buttherewassth.else.Iwasalsoafraidthatoneofthecold,unfriendlydoorsmightopenatanymomentandsomeonemightseemeinthis“whitesonly”building,drinkingwithawhitemanandbreakingthelawsondrinking. Angercouldhavesavedmefromthewholeembarrassingsituation,butyouknowIcan’teasilybeangry.EvenifIcouldhavebeen,Imighthavefoundithardtobeangrywiththisparticularman.愤怒也许可以使我从尴尬的局面中摆脱出来。Icouldhavesimplyleftthenandthereangrilyandthusfreedmyselffromtheawkwardsituation.Butyouknow,I’mnotthekindofpersonwhocaneasilygetangry.EvenifIcould,Imighthavefoundithardtobeangrywiththisparticularman.Heseemedsonicetome.subjunctivemood Talkoutone’shearttosb.:totelleverythinginone’smindthoroughlyandfreelytosb.;topouroutone’sfeelingstosb.把心里话告诉某人Sometimesweneedtotalkoutourhearttoourfriends.Comeandtalkoutyourhearttous.We’rereadytoofferyouhelp. …butnotforallthemoneyintheworldcouldIhavesaidtoherdankie,mynooiorthatdisgustingdankie,misses,notforallthemoneyintheworld:undernocircumstances“dankie,mynooi”and“dankie,misses”，somethinglike“Thankyou,mylady”,wereconsideredproperinthiscontextforblacks.Butasaneducatedperson,Simelanewouldnottalklikethat.Hehadhisdignity. soItooktheriskofitandusedthewordmevrou,forthepolitenessofwhichsomeAfrikanerswouldknockablackmandown,andIsaid,inhighAfrikaans,“Ekisadankbaar,Mevrou.”Taketheriskofit:totakeone’schanceMervou:Madam,atitleofrespect,clearlyinappropriatefortheblackpersontouse.knocksb.down:tohitsb.andmakethemfalldownhighAfrikaans:AfrikaansspokenbyeducatedwhiteAfrikanersFinallyhetookhischanceandusedanexpressionsopoliteinAfrikaansthathecouldhavebeenknockeddownforforgettinghisplaceasthiskindofpolitelanguagewassupposedtobereservedonlyforthewhitepeople. strained(1)a.a.showingtheeffectsofworryortoomuchwork劳累的、（神情）紧张的Nina’svoicesoundedstrained.声音里带有倦意听起来不自然Shelookedstrainedandhaddarkcirclesbeneathhereyes.她眼圈发黑，看上去一脸倦容。 strained(2)a.b.astrainedsituationorbehaviorisnotrelaxed,natural,orfriendly不自然的、不友好的、（关系等）紧张的Aftertheargumenttherewasastrainedsilence.Icouldn’tstandthestrainedatmosphereatdinneranymore.OurrelationshipbecameverystrainedbecauseIhadrefusedtolendhimmoney.Astrainedsmile/laugh强笑 strainone’seyes/earsstraineverynerveDonotstrainyourself.thestrainofsleeplessnightsastainedlaugh尽力倾听/注视全力以赴；竭尽全力别太劳累连夜不眠的过度劳累勉强的笑 breaksmyheart：makeoneextremelysadoutofnowhere：happeningorappearingsuddenlyandwithoutwarning从默默无闻中；从不知道的地方，从不受注意的的地方Inthelastfewseconds,Gunnellcamefromnowheretowinanothergoldmedal.Outofnowhereheasksmetomarryhim!Igottobecareful—carsjustsuddenlycomefromnowhereandit’seasytohaveanaccident. gettingbeyondme:tobecometoodifficultformetounderstandtestimonial:Aformalstatementaffirmingthecharacterorworthofanotherperson1.(品德、资格、能力等的）证明书、推荐信等2.感谢（或赞赏）的表示，奖状等3.证明、证据 forGod’ssake:usuallyitisusedforgivingforcetoanurgentrequest,buthereithasanothersense:sinceGodhadmadeusequalwhenhewasproducinghumanbeing,infrontofGod,thereisnotanydifference,nottomentionapartheid,betweenthewhiteandtheblack.Therefore,vanRensburg,aswellashisfamily,wantedtofollowGod’sinstructionandestablishcertainrelationshipwithSimelane.However,theonlyproblemistheydidn’tknowhowtodoit. 我觉得这一切太不正常，太让人难以理解了：她一个白人妇人向我这个陌生黑人夸耀这个家里的儿子，几个陌生白人站在这儿看着我这个黑人，似乎很想打动我，却又不知如何行动。可我能感觉到刚在向我躬身微笑的妇女的真诚，于是我说：“我看得出来，夫人。” Allofuswerefullofgoodwill,but…:Allofuswerefullofwarmandfriendlyfeelingstowardeachother,but… WedroveupEloffStreet,andhesaid,“DidyouknowwhatImeant?”Iwantedtoanswerhim,butIcouldn’t,becauseIdidn’tknowwhatthatsomethingwas.Hecouldn’tbetalkingaboutbeingfrightenedofOrlandoatnight,becausewhatmorecouldonemeanthanjustthat?WedroveupEloffStreet,andheasked,“DidyouknowwhatImeant?”HewantedtomakesurethatIunderstoodhim.Beingablack,Iknewverywellthathecouldn’tbetalkingaboutitbeingdangerousinOrlandoatnight.HewassayingthatitwasdangeroustobreaktheApartheidlawsbyshowingupinOrlandoatnight.Whatelsecouldhemeanotherthanthat? “Youknow,”hesaid,“aboutourlandbeingbeautiful?”Theunfinishedwordsare:“Ourlandisbeautiful.Butitbreaksmyheart.”vanRensburgwantedSimelanetoknowthathefeltsorryabouttheircountry’sApartheidlaws.Noticethatthroughouttheconversation,vanRensburgwasexpressinghisconcernaboutthesadsituationthecountrywasin,andhethoughtthattheblackmanprobablywouldnotunderstand.Thetruthofcoursewasjusttheopposite. Yes,Iknewwhathemeant,andIknewthatforGod’ssakehewantedtotouchmetooandhecouldn’t;forhiseyeshadbeenblindedbyyearsinthedark.AndIthoughtitwasapityhewasblind,forifmennevertoucheachother,they’llhurteachotheroneday.Yes,Iknewwhathemeant,andIknew,too,thathereallywantedtotouchme.Buthecouldn’t,forhehadbeeninfluencedbyracismforsolongthathewasnowunabletoseethetruthandbehaveaccordingly.AndIthoughtitwasasadthing,becauseifyoudon’tunderstandeachotheranddon’tcareforeachother,somedayyouwillhurteachother.Racialprejudicesareboundtoleadtoterriblesufferingsforbothsides. Anditwasapityhewasblind,andcouldn’ttouchme,forblackmendon’ttouchwhitemenanymore;onlybyaccident,whentheymakesomethinglikeMotherandChild.Anditwasapityhecouldnotseethetruthandcouldn’topenupcompletelytomeandembracemeashisbrother,forblackpeoplecouldonlytouchthembyaccidentasinthiscase.TheywouldnothavehadthechancetobemovedbythesculptureMotherandChildifithadnotbeenfortheoversight. …andmyinarticulatenessdistressedme,……andmyinabilitytoexpressmyselfupsetme;OrThefactthatIcouldnotclearlyexpresswhatIwasthinkingmademeupset.Thestateofbeingunabletoexpressoneselfclearly;thestateofbeingatalossforwords Inarticulatea.a.notabletoexpressyourfeelingsclearlyoreasilyb.speechthatisinarticulateisnotclearlyexpressedorpronouncedMymeetingswithhimleftmeinarticulatewithrage.Heisashyandinarticulateman.Hewascalling,makinginarticulatenoises,gruntingandangry. Sociablea.someonewhoissociableisfriendlyandenjoysbeingwithotherpeopleShe’safriendly,sociablewoman.Someresearchhasshownthatpeoplewithoutbrothersandsisterstendtobelesssociable.Shehadherbacktomeanddidn’tseemverysociable. slump(1)v.tofallbecauseyouarenotstrongenoughtostand沉重的倒下、陷落、坍塌b.tosuddenlygodowninprice,value,ornumber（价格等）下降、（经济等）衰落、（健康质量等）下降Carolslumpedbackinherchair,defeated.Benstaggeredandslumpedontothefloor.Ashousesaleshaveslumped,sohasspendingondepartment-storespecialtieslikefurniture,carpetsandelectricalappliances. insolublea.a.difficultorimpossibletosolveorexplain;insolvable不能解决的、无法解释的b.thatcannotbedissolved不能溶解的Thecleaning-upoperationaftertheoilspillwillbedifficultbutnotinsoluble.Thegovernmenthastodealwithwhatseemslikeaninsolublepoliticalproblem—racialharmonywithinthecommunity.insolublematter slump(2)n.a.asuddendecreaseinprices,sales,profitsetcb.aperiodwhenthereisareductioninbusinessandmanypeoplelosetheirjobsTheslumpinthepropertymarketismakingitdifficultforpeopletoselltheirhomes.Thepost-warslumpsenttheunemploymentfigurestotwicetheexpectedlevel.Thewarwasfollowedbyaneconomicslump. …butIwasthinkinghewaslikeamantryingtorunaraceinironshoes,andnotunderstandingwhyhecannotmove.ButIwasthinkingthathewasmuchlikeamantryingtorunbutcouldn’tbecausehewasstillnotcompletelyfreefromracistprejudiceswhichweredragginghisfeetlikeironshoes.Andthesadthingwasthathestilldidnotknowwhatwaspreventingtheirland,whichotherwisewassobeautiful,frombecomingacountrythatwouldnotbreakhisheart.Thewallwasinhisownheart.presentparticiple,modifying“aman” PlotofthestorySettingofthestoryProtagonistsofthestoryWritingtechniquesofthestoryThemeofthestoryTextAnalysisForreferenceDiscussthesequestionswithyourpartners. TextAnalysisPlot:awell-educatedblackfindshimselfcordiallyinvitedtosplitabottlewithawhitemaninthepassageofthelatter’sapartmentbuildingSetting:socialsetting:ApartheidSouthAfricain1960storysetting:inthepassageProtagonists:“I”—theblacksculptor TextAnalysisThemeThestorytellsushowracialprejudicecanpreventusreaching,touchingandconnectingwitheachother.Thisinvisiblewallexistsbetweenthewhiteandtheblackandhamperstheirfreecommunicationandfullunderstanding.Itisnotjustawallimposedbyapartheidlaws,butawalldeeplyrootedintheirhearts.Pleasefinddetailsinthetexttobearitout. Part1(Paras.1-6):Part2(Paras.7-76):TextAnalysisStructureAgainstwhatbackgroundandfromwhomthestorycomesHowthestorygoes WritingDevicesNowstudythefollowingparagraph.Whatisthefunctionofit?Hesaidtome.“ThisisthesecondcognacI’vehadinmylife.WouldyouliketohearthestoryofhowIhadmyfirst?”Thisparagraphservestointroduceaflashback.Flashback WritingDevicesWhatisflashback?Flashbacksareinterpolated（插入）narrativesorscenes(oftenjustified,ornaturalized,asamemory,areverie（幻想、白日梦；沉思）,oraconfession（供认）byoneofthecharacters)whichrepresenteventsthathappenedbeforethetimeatwhichtheworkopened.Flashback WritingDevicesmetaphorsimile&alliterationsimileTellwhatfigurativespeechisusedineachandhowitcontributestotheexpressiveeffectofthelanguage.1.It’salsothefirsttimeI’vedrunkabrandysoslowly.InOrlandoyoudevelopathroatofiron.2.Hesatslumpedinhisseat,likeamanwithaburdenofincomprehensible,insolublegrief.3.Whathewasthinking,Godknows,butIwasthinkinghewaslikeamantryingtorunaraceinironshoes,andnotunderstandingwhyhecannotmove.FigurativeLanguage Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat___thespeakersstoppedforrefreshments.a.atlargeb.ateasec.atintervalsd.atrandom2.Thiskindofmaterialcan____heatandmoisture.a.propelb.repelc.compeld.constrainatlarge:全面的、笼统的Propel:推动、激励Repel:驱逐、抵御Compel:迫使Constrain:限制、迫使、抑制cbQuiz1 3.Hamlet___hisfather’sdeathonhisuncle.a.reversedb.revengedc.revertedd.averted4.Inasense,tennisandTaijiquanaresimilarinthattheybothrequireyourfullattention,andifdone____,takeyourmindoffdailyproblemsandpreoccupations.a.successfullyb.consecutivelyc.conscientiouslyd.compulsivelyReverse:扭转Revert:回返、重提Avert:避免Consecutive:连续的Conscientious:全神贯注的、勤恳的、按良心办事的、Compulsive:强迫的bcQuiz1 5.Strict____isobservedinconnectionwithdepositors’accounts.a.sectionb.securityc.secrecyd.segregation6.Theremarkable___oflifeontheGalapagosIslandsinspiredCharlesDarwintoestablishhistheoryofevolution.a.classificationb.densityc.varietyd.diversionsecrecy:秘密、保密Diversion:偏离、转移ccQuiz1 7.Theownerofacarisnolongerforcedtorelyonpublictransportationandistherefore,not____toworklocally.a.compelledb.obligedc.restrictedd.repelled8.Thedoctorsdon’t____thatthepatientwilllivemuchlonger.a.monitorb.manifestc.articulated.anticipateRepel:抵御、拒绝Manifest:证实、证明cdQuiz1 9.Sheshouldbe___andnotmakeunreasonabledemands.a.sensationalb.sensiblec.sensitived.sensual10.Europe’searlierindustrialgrowthwas____bytheavailabilityofkeyresources,abundantandcheaplabor,coal,ironore,etc.a.constrainedb.remainedc.sustainedd.detainedSensational:引起轰动的、激起前行列感情的Sensual:感官的、贪图感官享受的Constrain:抑制、约束、迫使Sustain:支撑Detain:耽搁、拘留bcQuiz1 11.Hiskindnesswas___thatwewillneverforgethim.a.whatb.whichc.whod.such12.Iwalkedtoomuchyesterdayand___arestillachingnow.a.myleg’smusclesb.mymusclesoflegc.mylegmusclesd.mymusclesofthelegdcQuiz1 13.IthinktheRedTeamwillwinthefinalgame;it’s____thattheywill.a.almostsurelyb.verylikelyc.ratherpossiblyd.quitecertainly14.Fondofsingingassheis,sheis____agoodsingerbyprofession.a.everythingbutb.anythingbutc.nothingbutd.somethingbutAnythingbut:绝非Nothingbut:仅仅bbQuiz1 15.Ididn’tgotohispartylastnight,because____Ichangedmymind.a.onasecondthoughtb.onsecondthoughtc.bysecondthoughtd.onthesecondthought16.Weleftthemeeting,thereobviously____nopointinstaying.a.wereb.tobec.beingd.havingbc 17.Themanagerwouldratherhisdaughter____inthesameoffice.a.hadnotworkedb.nottoworkc.doesnotworkd.didnotwork18.I’dratherreadthanwatchtelevision,theprogramsseem____allthetime.a.togetworseb.gettingworsec.tohavegotworsed.tobegettingworseddQuiz1 19.Manyastudentandteacher___makingacarefulstudyof___ownproblems.a.are;theirb.is;theirc.are;hisd.is;his20.Itisnotunusualforworkers____inthatregion.a.tobepaidmorethanamonthlateb.tobepaidlaterthanmoreamonthc.topaylaterthanamonthmored.topaylatemorethanamonthdaQuiz1'