最新形式语言与网络计算环境构建ppt课件PPT课件 45页

'形式语言与网络计算环境构建ppt课件 网络计算环境的定义网格就是下一代Internet；网格计算就是在动态变化的、拥有多个部门或者团体的复杂虚拟组织内，灵活、安全的协同资源共享与问题求解；3.网格就是方便资源管理，有效支持广域分布的、多领域的科学与工程问题解决的中间件系统；4.网格是建造分布式科学计算环境的一种一体化的集成方法，这一环境包括计算、数据管理、科学仪器以及人类的协作；5.网格是一种无缝的、集成的计算与协作环境 问题：采用什么样的语言模式作为系统的宿主语言方便地描述计算任务与具体的计算环境无关很好地灵活性，适应规范和协议的变化 规范和标准：XML，XHTML，…用户任务描述系统标准通讯文件网络服务应用界面 语言模型抽象：标准协议文件（XML）：上下文无关文法，函数式语言模式（元素、属性）数学计算任务描述：表达式，关系式。编程语言：操作命令（operation）操作数据。分类代数模型（sortedalgebra）类逻辑代数语言模式（LAL语言）252+5>a,plus(2,5)Setcolor(4)b:=2;c:=5A:=b+c 抽象语言模型：变量，函数符号，关系符号逻辑连接符号（指令控制符号）公式表达式（数学表达式），关系表达式Ifgcd(f,g)=1thengetfactor(f+g)没有具体的语法和语义定义！语法和语义分离语法语义和程序分离 系统软件任务描述文件LAL语言书写语法定义文件（元素名称字典，DTD）系统工作文件（XML格式）语法获取应用软件接口规范（API）执行程序调用语义获取 公共协议（大家必须遵守的规则）：计算任务描述的书写格式规范XML规范应用软件接口规范语法获取：语法字典（DTD，上下文无关语言），解析器（DOMxerces)，Chomsky范式与操作树（节点集合）语义获取：指称语义（接口规范，绑定，服务发布UDDI） 决定系统功能的核心不是软件，而是规范和文档规范不变，系统软件无需改变文件改变，则语法和语义解释随之变化（体现了系统的柔性，适应性强）动态更新，透明升级，自治维护，功能定制。面向规范的软件开发方法 对宿主语言的要求：很好的描述数学计算很好的语法代数结构很好的语义解释性能很好的与其它计算语言的互翻译性形式语言理论有助于宿主语言模式的设计和中间件开发（LAL语言的性能） 有没有更好的语言模式？ Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationUsesandExtendsUseCaseRelationshipsAstheusecasesaredocumented,otherusecaserelationshipsmaybediscoveredAusesrelationshipshowsbehaviorthatiscommontooneormoreusecasesAnextendsrelationshipshowsoptionalbehaviorRegisterforcourses<>Logonvalidation<>Maintaincurriculum Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationActorsAnactorissomeoneorsomethingthatmustinteractwiththesystemunderdevelopmentStudentRegistrarProfessorBillingSystem Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationUseCaseDiagramUsecasediagramsarecreatedtovisualizetherelationshipsbetweenactorsandusecasesStudentRegistrarProfessorMaintainScheduleMaintainCurriculumRequestCourseRosterBillingSystem Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationUsesandExtendsUseCaseRelationshipsAstheusecasesaredocumented,otherusecaserelationshipsmaybediscoveredAusesrelationshipshowsbehaviorthatiscommontooneormoreusecasesAnextendsrelationshipshowsoptionalbehaviorRegisterforcourses<>Logonvalidation<>Maintaincurriculum Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationSequenceDiagramAsequencediagramdisplaysobjectinteractionsarrangedinatimesequence:Studentregistrationformregistrationmanagermath1011:fillininfo2:submit3:addcourse(joe,math01)4:areyouopen?5:areyouopen?6:add(joe)7:add(joe)math101section1 Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporation:Registrarcourseform:CourseFormtheManager:CurriculumManageraCourse:Course1:setcourseinfo2:process3:addcourse4:newcourseCollaborationDiagramAcollaborationdiagramdisplaysobjectinteractionsorganizedaroundobjectsandtheirlinkstooneanother Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationHistoryoftheUMLNov‘97UMLapprovedbytheOMG Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationUMLSupportsApplicationDevelopmentClassesapplicationpartitioningBusinessObjectsRelationshipsBusinessProcessObjectsUseCaseslargescalesystemScenariosComponentsMicrosoftActiveX/COMMicrosoftORDBMSOracleCORBAOMG Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationClassesRegistrationFormRegistrationManagerCourseStudentCourseOfferingProfessorScheduleAlgorithm Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationOperationsThebehaviorofaclassisrepresentedbyitsoperationsOperationsmaybefoundbyexamininginteractiondiagramsregistrationformregistrationmanager3:addcourse(joe,math01)RegistrationManageraddCourse(Student,Course) Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationAttributesThestructureofaclassisrepresentedbyitsattributesAttributesmaybefoundbyexaminingclassdefinitions,theproblemrequirements,andbyapplyingdomainknowledgeEachcourseofferinghasanumber,locationandtimeCourseOfferingnumberlocationtime Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationClassesRegistrationFormRegistrationManageraddStudent(Course,StudentInfo)CoursenamenumberCreditsopen()addStudent(StudentInfo)StudentnamemajorCourseOfferinglocationopen()addStudent(StudentInfo)ProfessornametenureStatusScheduleAlgorithm Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationRegistrationManagerMath101:Course3:addstudent(joe)RegistrationManagerCourseFindingRelationshipsRelationshipsarediscoveredbyexamininginteractiondiagramsIftwoobjectsmust“talk”theremustbeapathwayforcommunication Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationRelationshipsRegistrationFormRegistrationManagerCourseStudentCourseOfferingProfessoraddStudent(Course,StudentInfo)namenumberCreditsopen()addStudent(StudentInfo)namemajorlocationopen()addStudent(StudentInfo)nametenureStatusScheduleAlgorithm Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationMultiplicityandNavigationRegistrationFormRegistrationManagerCourseStudentCourseOfferingProfessoraddStudent(Course,StudentInfo)namenumberCreditsopen()addStudent(StudentInfo)majorlocationopen()addStudent(StudentInfo)tenureStatusScheduleAlgorithm10..*0..*111..*43..100..41 Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationInheritanceRegistrationFormRegistrationManagerCourseStudentCourseOfferingProfessoraddStudent(Course,StudentInfo)namenumberCreditsopen()addStudent(StudentInfo)majorlocationopen()addStudent(StudentInfo)tenureStatusScheduleAlgorithmnameRegistrationUser Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationStateTransitionDiagramInitializationOpenentry:Registerstudentexit:IncrementcountClosedCanceleddo:Initializecoursedo:Finalizecoursedo:NotifyregisteredstudentsAddStudent/Setcount=0Addstudent[count<10][count=10]CancelCancelCancel Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationCourseCourseOfferingStudentProfessorComponentDiagramCourse.dllPeople.dllCourseUserRegister.exeBilling.exeBillingSystem Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationDeployingtheSystemThedeploymentdiagramshowstheconfigurationofrun-timeprocessingelementsandthesoftwareprocesseslivingonthemThedeploymentdiagramvisualizesthedistributionofcomponentsacrosstheenterprise. Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationDeploymentDiagramRegistrationDatabaseLibraryDormMainBuilding Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationWhattheIterativeLifeCycleIsNotItisnothackingItisnotaplaypenfordevelopersItisnotunpredictableItisnotredesigningthesamethingoverandoveruntilitisperfectItisnotanexcusefornotplanningandmanagingaprojectItisnotsomethingthataffectsonlythedevelopersonaproject Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationWhattheIterativeLifeCycleIsItisplannedandmanagedItispredictableItaccommodateschangestorequirementswithlessdisruptionItisbasedonevolvingexecutableprototypes,notdocumentationItinvolvestheuser/customerthroughouttheprocessItisriskdriven Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationRiskTransitionInceptionElaborationConstructionPreliminaryIterationArchitect.IterationArchitect.IterationDevel.IterationDevel.IterationDevel.IterationTransitionIterationTransitionIterationPost-deploymentWaterfallTimeRiskProfileofanIterativeDevelopment Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationInitialProjectRisksInitialProjectScopeReviseOverallProjectPlanCostScheduleScope/ContentPlanIterationNCostScheduleAssessIterationNRisksEliminatedReviseProjectRisksReprioritizeDevelopIterationNCollectcostandqualitymetricsDefinescenariostoaddresshighestrisksIterationNRiskReductionDrivesIterations Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationInceptionElaborationConstructionTransitionIteration1Iteration2Iteration3IterationPlanningRqmtsCaptureAnalysis&DesignImplementationTestPrepareRelease“Mini-Waterfall”ProcessUseCasesDrivetheIterationProcess Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporationTheIterationLifeCycle:AMini-WaterfallResultsofpreviousiterationsUp-to-dateriskassessmentControlledlibrariesofmodels,code,andtestsReleasedescriptionUpdatedriskassessmentControlledlibrariesIterationPlanningRequirementsCaptureAnalysis&DesignImplementationTestPrepareReleaseSelectedscenarios Copyright©1997byRationalSoftwareCorporation 结束语谢谢大家聆听！！！45'