餐饮员工红酒培训PPT资料 63页

'WineTrainingProgramLevel1葡萄酒培训-1爱菲拉酒庄 IWineHistoryIIAlcoholicBeveragesIIIDefinitionofWineIVComponentsofwineVTypesofwineI葡萄酒历史II含酒精饮料III什么是葡萄酒IV葡萄酒的组成V葡萄酒种类TableofContents目录 TableofContents目录VI主要葡萄酒产国VII主要葡萄品种VIII酒标IX葡萄酒单X葡萄酒服务XI葡萄酒品尝VIMainWineCountriesVIIMainGrapeVarietiesVIIIWineLabelsIXWinelistXWineserviceXIWinetasting IWineHistoryI葡萄酒历史 WineHistoryMiddleAsiaCaspianSeaMesopotamia5000BCAncientEgypt2500BCAncientGreece1600BCRomanEmpire1000BCGaul(France)SpainGermanyAustria400BC-100AD1400-1600SouthAfricaMexicoArgentina1769California(USA)AustraliaNewZealand1788-1819 葡萄酒历史中东里海美索布达米亚公元5000前古埃及公元2500年前古希腊公元1600年前古罗马帝国公元1000年前法国高卢西班牙德国奥地利葡萄牙公元400年前至公元100年公元1400-1600年南非墨西哥阿根廷1769加利福尼亚（美国）澳大利亚新西兰1788-1819 IIAlcoholicBeveragesII含酒精饮料 FermentedAlcoholicBeverage发酵型酒精饮料Fruit-basedalcoholicbeveragesEg:Wine水果酿制的含酒精饮料例如:葡萄酒GrainorvegetablebasedalcoholicbeveragesEg:Beer,Chinesericewine,Sake谷类和蔬菜酿制的酒精性饮料例如：啤酒，中国黄酒，日本清酒Duringthefermentationprocess,yeastconvertssugarintoalcoholandCo2在发酵期间，酵母把糖份转化为酒精和二氧化碳 DistilledAlcoholicBeverage蒸馏型酒精饮料History:Mesopotamia3500BC-FirstDistillationusedforperfumemaking历史:美索布达米亚，公元前3500年–第一次蒸馏用于香水的制造Distillation:Separationofliquidsbyevaporation蒸馏:利用蒸发原理将液体分开Spirits:Distilleddrinksproducedbyconcentratingthealcoholpresentinafermentedliquid.烈酒:利用蒸馏原理浓缩酒精度Liquors:Sweetenedorflavoredspirits利口酒:加香和增甜的烈酒 Afewdistilledalcoholicbeverages:WhiskyVodkaRumTequilaBrandy一些经过蒸馏得到的酒精性饮料:威士忌伏特加朗姆酒龙舌兰酒白兰地Tips：CognacisabrandyproducedexclusivelyintheCognacregioninFrance小知识：干邑是法国干邑地区特产的白兰地DistilledAlcoholicBeverage蒸馏型酒精饮料 Summary摘要AlcoholicBeverages含酒精饮料1)FermentedAlcoholicBeverages发酵型酒精饮料2)DistilledAlcoholicBeverages蒸馏型酒精饮料Winebelongstofermentedalcoholicbeverages葡萄酒属于发酵型酒精饮料 IIIDefinitionofWine葡萄酒的定义Ripe&HealthyGrapes成熟健康的葡萄Crushtheberries,releasethejuiceandaddyeasttothemust.压榨浆果,使果汁流出并把酵母加入混合物Fermentationconvertssugarintoalcohol发酵把糖份转化为酒精WINEISFERMENTEDGRAPEJUICE葡萄酒是经过发酵的葡萄汁 IVComponentsofWineFlavorCompounds(0.1%)Color&Tannins(inredwines)(0.3%)Acids(1%)Sugar(0.1%dry-8%sweet)Alcohol(10%tablewines,20%fortifiedwines)Water(80%-90%)Notes:Approximatepercentagesbyweight IV葡萄酒成分含香物质(0.1%)色素和丹宁(红葡萄酒)(0.3%)酸(1%)糖份(0.1%干-8%sweet甜)酒精(餐酒10%,加强葡萄酒20%)水份·(80%-90%)注:以上为重量的大约百分比 VTypesofwineV葡萄酒种类 TypesofWine（Bywinemakingprocess）ChampagneCavaPort,SherryRedWhiteRoseSPARKLINGWINESTILLWINEFORTIFIEDWINEOtherSparklingwines 葡萄酒种类（按生产工艺分）香槟酒卡瓦钵酒,雪利酒红葡萄酒白葡萄酒玫瑰酒汽泡酒普通葡萄酒加强葡萄酒其他汽泡酒 TypesofWine（Byservicesequenceduringameal）Aperitif（Drysherry，Champagne,Drywhite）TableWine(Red,White,Rose…)DessertWine(Botrytis,Icewine,Port，LateHarvest…)Digestive(Liquors,Grappa…)SugaralcohollowhighlowhighBeginningofthemealEndofthemeal 葡萄酒种类（按用餐时上酒顺序）餐前酒(干雪利酒,香槟酒,干白葡萄酒…)餐酒(红,白,玫瑰葡萄酒…)甜酒(贵腐酒,冰酒,钵酒,晚丰收葡萄酒…)餐后消化酒(利口酒,果渣酒…)糖份酒精低高低高用餐开始用餐结束 VIMainWineCountries主要葡萄酒产酒国OldWorld旧世界France法国2*Italy意大利1*Spain西班牙3*NewWorld新世界USA美国4*Australia澳大利亚6*Chile智利Argentina阿根廷5*NewZealand新西兰SouthAfrica南非*Topsixproducersinvolume产量前六名国家(Southernhemisphere+USA)南半球＋美国(EuropeanCountries)欧洲国家 OldWorldVSNewWorld旧世界VS新世界Integratemorethesoilandclimatefactors.“Terroir”更能在酒中结合土壤气候特征Longtraditionandhistory悠久历史和传统Goodvisibilitytotheconsumers客人容易理解Mainfactoristhegrapevariety主要根据葡萄品种Consistentweather相应气候Toomuchstandardization标准太多Notbeenproducedforlongageing储存时间较短Oldworld旧世界(EuropeanCountries欧洲国家)(Southernhemisphere+USA南半球＋美国)Pros优点NewWorld新世界Cons缺点Difficultvisibilitytotheconsumers客人不易理解Lotsofregulations很多规则 VIIGrapeVarieties葡萄品种 Summary摘要8,000grapevarietiesknownintheworld世界上目前已知的葡萄品种有8000种1,000grapevarietiesusedforwinearoundtheworld世界上大约有1000种葡萄被制成葡萄酒200traditionallyusedinItaly意大利大约使用200种葡萄100traditionallyusedinFrance法国大约使用100种葡萄50traditionallyusedinSpain西班牙大约使用50种葡萄Grapevariety,amajorfactorinthetasteofawine不同的葡萄品种，是影响葡萄酒品尝的主要因素 MainWhiteGrapeVarieties主要白葡萄品种WhiteGrapes白葡萄品种Chardonnay/莎当妮SauvignonBlanc/白苏维翁Riesling/薏丝琳Gewuztraminer/格乌兹莱妮PinotGrigio/灰皮诺Viognier/威格尼 WhiteGrapeVarieties白葡萄品种NativetoBurgundy源于法国的勃根第地区Nowworld’smostfashionable&famouswhitevariety当今最流行，有名的白葡萄品种Creamyandfull-bodied口感柔和饱满Whitefruitsandnuttyflavor白色水果及干果味Chardonnay莎当妮 WhiteGrapeVarieties白葡萄品种Bordeaux,centralLoire波尔多，卢瓦尔河中部Crispacidity清新爽口偏酸Freshandaromatic清新果香芬芳CitrusandGrassy柑桔及青草味SauvignonBlanc白苏维翁 WhiteGrapeVarieties白葡萄品种GrowninAlsace,Germany,SouthAustralia,WashingtonState,etc…种植于阿尔萨斯，德国，罗纳谷地区,南澳大利亚,华盛顿Versatile(dry,tartwinetoSweetlate-harvestwine)变化多样（可在口感较干到晚收型甜酒间变化）Floralandmineralflavor花香及矿物味Naturallyhighacidity天然酸度高Atremendouscapacitytoage可陈年Riesling薏丝琳 WhiteGrapeVarieties白葡萄品种Alsace,Germany,Austria阿尔萨斯，德国，奥地利Complex,generous层次分明，特征丰富鲜明Lychee,rose,spices,clovenotes荔枝，玫瑰、丁香的辛辣味TropicalFruit&Cinnamon热带水果味&肉桂味Gewurztraminer格乌兹莱妮 WhiteGrapeVarieties白葡萄品种PopularinNorthernItaly盛产于意大利北部FruiliandVeneto福茹利、维纳图FreshandAromatic新鲜，芬芳Lightcolor颜色偏淡PinotGrigio灰皮诺 NorthernRhône,Australia,California北罗纳谷,澳大利亚,美国加州PrestigiousCondrieuAOC有声望的孔德里欧法定产地Peachflavor桃子香Verylowacidity酸度极低Viognier威格尼WhiteGrapeVarieties白葡萄品种 MainGrapeVarieties主要葡萄品种Redvarieties红葡萄品种CabernetSauvignon/加本力苏维翁Merlot/梅洛PinotNoir/黑皮诺Gamay/甘美Shiraz(Syrah)/设拉子Sangiovese/桑吉奥维斯Nebbiolo/尼比奥罗Zinfandel/仙芬黛Tempranillo/泰普妮洛 RedGrapeVarieties红葡萄品种AclassicBordeauxgrape传统波尔多葡萄品种Full-bodied,tannic酒体饱满，丹宁较丰富Verycomplex,longevolution口味丰富，陈年长Blackcurrant,violet黑加仑，紫罗兰CabernetSauvignon加本力苏维翁 RedGrapeVarieties红葡萄品种AtraditionalBordeauxgrape传统波尔多葡萄品种Suppleandround口感柔顺，饱满Blackandredcherry黑色及红色樱桃Chocolate巧克力Merlot梅洛 RedGrapeVarieties红葡萄品种KingofBurgundy勃根蒂之王Cherry,raspberry樱桃、覆盆子Spicenotes稍带辛辣Earthycomplexities泥土气息Asilkytexture,littletannins丝般柔滑，丹宁较淡PinotNoir黑皮诺 RedGrapeVarieties红葡萄品种GrapeusedtomakeBeaujolais用来做宝祖利酒的葡萄Lightpurpleincolor酒体呈浅紫色Fruityandlightintannins果香浓郁,口感柔和Tobedrunkyoung趁年轻时喝Gamay甘美 RedGrapeVarieties红葡萄品种MostlygrowninRhôneRegion,France,Australia主要种植于法国罗纳谷地区,澳大利亚Richblackandredberryfruit,plum丰富的黑色、红色浆果及李子味Gameandspicecomplexity丰富的野味及辛辣味Richandfull-bodied口感丰富，酒体饱满ShirazorSyrah设拉子 Italy’smostcommongrape意大利种植最广泛的红葡萄品种Chianti基昂蒂用此葡萄酿制BrunellodiMontalcino蒙塔尔奇诺布鲁诺Lightlyfragrantwines酒香清淡Adistinctbittercherrytaste独特的苦莓味Tighttannins强烈的丹宁味Sangiovese桑吉奥维斯RedGrapeVarieties红葡萄品种 RedGrapeVarieties红葡萄品种Piemontesegrape(Italy)意大利皮特蒙地区的著名葡萄品种GrapeforBarolo&Barbaresco酿制巴罗洛和芭芭罗斯克葡萄酒Tannic,acidicandaustere.丹宁丰富、酸度适中、深沉Complex,full-bodied酒体饱满，口味丰富Betteraftermorethan4yearsaging最好陈年4年以上Nebbiolo尼比奥罗 MostlygrowninCalifornia主要种植于美国加州地区Deeplyconcentratedberryfruit浓缩的浆果味Jammy果酱味Intriguingspicenotes独特香辣Abigfinish回味极佳Zinfandel仙芬黛RedGrapeVarieties红葡萄品种 RedGrapeVarieties红葡萄品种ThefineSpanishvariety很好的西班牙葡萄品种Rioja,Valdepenas里奥哈、瓦蒂盆娜地区，Elegantandaromatic优雅，芬芳Tempranillo泰普妮洛 VIIIWineLabels酒标 HowtoReadWineLabel怎样解读酒标?Winery酒庄名Vintage年份AlcoholLevel酒精含量NetVolume净含量(NameofWine)酒名NewWorld新世界GrapeVariety葡萄品种OldWorld旧世界Appellation产地Classification等级Usualcontentsofalabel酒标里包含的内容 SamplefromtheNewWorld来自新世界的样标S SamplefromtheOldWorld来自旧世界的样标Whatisthegrapevariety?葡萄品种是什么？ IXWineLists酒单 IXTypesofWinelist酒单种类Winelistbyregion根据产区的分类Winelistbyalphabeticorder根据字母顺序分类Winelistbyvarieties根据葡萄品种分类Winelistbyintensityofwine根据葡萄的强度分类Others其他 XWineService葡萄酒服务 XWineService葡萄酒服务Presentationofthewinelist介绍酒单Taketheorderwithouthesitation确认订单Theclientasksforrecommendations客户要求推荐Recommendationsoffered建议Theclientmaydoubt–reinforce客户也许置疑－加强你的推荐Presentationofthewine展示葡萄酒Openthewinebottle葡萄酒开瓶Clienttastesthewine客人品尝葡萄酒Winerejections拒绝葡萄酒Precipitations&Sediments沉淀物Pouringsequence斟酒顺序Glassrefillandreorder葡萄酒续杯和加酒 Simplyaskwhoisgoingtoorderthewine简单询问哪位客人会点酒Thewineorderistakenrightaftertheorderofthedishes点餐完毕后点酒Theclientcan:-eithermakehiswineorderwithouthesitation客人会：毫不犹豫的点自己喜欢的葡萄酒-ortheclientmayaskforarecommendation或者会要求服务员给与一定推荐PresentationoftheWineList介绍酒单 TaketheOrderWithouthesitations客人自主点酒Listentotheclientcarefully仔细聆听客人的需求Reformulateclearlyhischoice再清楚无误的重复他的选择Youmaycongratulatehim/heronthechoice,especiallyinfrontoftheirguests你可以赞赏他/她的选择，特别是在他们的客人面前Nevercontradicthim,respecthistastes不要试图更改他的选择，尊重他的口味Nevercriticizeawine绝对不要质疑他点的葡萄酒 Recommendations客人要求被推荐葡萄酒Listenpro-activelyandgatherinformation仔细聆听客人的需要，收集信息Thengivehimarecommendationaccordingtothedishandhisbudget.根据他的菜肴和预算，推荐相应的葡萄酒Payattentiontothecircumstances&season注意环境和季节的变化Offeroneortworecommendations,nomore.Donotreadthewinelist！只提供一、两个建议，绝对不要照读酒单Justifyyourchoicebrieflywithafewwords简短的介绍一下你的推荐 Recommendationtips推荐小贴示Traditionaldrinkers经常饮用葡萄酒的客人Promotethecharacteristicsoftheregion强调葡萄酒的产地Promotethegrapevariety强调葡萄品种的不同Regionandappellation产地Vintage年份Grapevariety葡萄品种Origin产地(Europeanclients欧洲客人)(Southernhemisphere＋USAclients南半球＋美国客人)Newdrinkers刚开始接触葡萄酒的客人 WhatiftheClientisinDoubt?当客户犹豫不决时该如何做Showhimthatyoufullyunderstoodhisrequest说明你完全理解他的需要Perhapsrecommendhimanotherwine或许可以向他推荐其他的葡萄酒Mostofthetime,theclientneedstobereassured大多数时候，客人需要你进一步肯定他的选择“Todoso,tellhimafewwordsaboutthevineyards,winemaker,recentwinetasting…”接下来，向他介绍葡萄酒的酒园，酿造商，品酒辞……. PresentationoftheWine出示葡萄酒Showthebottleandlabelstandingontherighthandsideofthepersonwhoordered站在点酒客人的右面，向他展示葡萄酒的瓶身和酒标Neverholdthebottlebytheneck绝对不要握酒瓶的瓶颈Donotshakethebottle.Begentle.不要摇晃酒瓶，拿放轻柔。Redwineshouldbeservedatroomtemperature红葡萄酒可以在室温品尝White,roseandsparklingwinesshouldbeservedchilledandputinanicebucketbetweenpouring白葡萄酒、玫瑰葡萄酒、汽泡酒饮用前都必须冷藏，余下的葡萄酒要连瓶放入冰桶保温 OpentheWineBottle葡萄酒开瓶Alwaysopeninthepresenceoftheguestandneverhidethelabel当着客人的面开启葡萄酒，不要隐藏葡萄酒标Donotturnyourbacktoyourcustomer不要背对你的客人Cutthefoilbelowtheneckwithopener.Donotpiercethecork用酒刀割开瓶封，不要刺穿软木塞Bendthecorkalittlebitattheendtoavoidmakinganoise拔出瓶塞底部时稍微弯曲一点，避免弄出噪音Presentthecorkuponsuccessfulremovalfromthebottle.DonotleavetheCapsuleonthetable顺利开启葡萄酒后，不要把铝膜遗留在桌上 GivetheClientaTasteoftheWine客人品酒Asktheguestwhomadetheordertotastethewine请点酒的那位客人先试酒Pourapproximatelyonesoupspoonworthofwineintotheglassofthedesignatedguest倒大约一汤匙的葡萄酒给指定的客人Ensureapprovalisgivenbeforeyougoonpouring点酒客人首肯后才为其他客人们侍酒 WineRejections拒绝Corkiness:Ifyousmellmustinessordampcardboard,thenthewineiscorked被橡木塞污染：如果有霉味或潮板纸的气味，说明酒已被污染Oxidation:Sometimesthewinecanbeoxidized,meaningithasbeenexposedtoair过分氧化：葡萄酒和空气过分接触会被氧化 Precipitations&Sediments沉淀物Sometimes,onecanfindadepositofcrystalsinwhitewines在白葡萄酒中，有时会碰到一些结晶状沉淀。-TartaricPrecipitations酒石酸沉淀Sedimentcanaccumulateatthebottomofagedred&portwines有年份的红葡萄酒及钵酒中会集结一些沉淀。-Naturalwinesolids葡萄酒中的天然固体物质-Shouldbedecanted需要进行醒酒Theseinnowayaffectthewinequality,northeconsumer’shealth这些都不会影响葡萄酒的质量 WinePouringSequence侍酒顺序Fromtherighthandside,pourthewineforladiesfirst,clockwisefromthehost,thenforgentlemeninthesameclockwisemanner站在客人右边，女士优先，由主人开始顺时针方向，接下来再是男士，同样顺时针方向Thepersonwhotastesthewineshouldbethelastpersontobepouredaglass最后才将主人的酒杯加满Twisttheneckalittlebitattheendofthepour侍酒完毕后稍微扭转一下酒瓶 GlassRefillandReorder续杯和加酒Glassrefill续杯Makesureyourefilltheglassasoftenaspossibleandrespondtoanyrequesttostoptherefill你必须每次都尽可能的为客人续杯，除非得到停止续杯的指令Recommend2ndbottleoranewwine加点第二瓶酒或再订其他新酒Alwaysaskthehostwhethera2ndbottleofthesamewineisrequiredordifferenttypeofwineispreferredwhenthereislessthan1/4bottleofwineleft当少于1/4瓶酒时，应该询问主人是否还需要第二瓶或其他不同款的新酒 RolePlay角色扮演Atleasttwopersons至少两个人:-Thetraineractsasaclient培训师扮演客人-Thevolunteeractsasthewaiter志愿者扮演侍者Followthesequenceofthewineserviceincludingbottleopeningandwinepouring演示侍酒服务的顺序包括开瓶和侍酒 XIWineTastingTechniques品酒技巧1)Appearance:Clarity,Brightness,Colorandintensity视觉：澄清度，亮度，颜色及深浅2)Nose:IntensityandAromas嗅觉：香气及浓郁程度3)Taste:Balance,flavorsandlength味觉：平衡口味及留香 Thankyou!谢谢'