最新新视野第三版第一册第六单元课件 带答案概要1课件PPT.ppt 64页

'新视野第三版第一册第六单元课件带答案概要1 Nothingstrengthensthejudgmentandquickenstheconsciencelikeindividualresponsibility.—ElizabethCadyStantonEarnasyoulearn？ SectionAToworkornottowork—ThatisthequestionToapplythephrasesandpatternsObjectivesTofurtherunderstandthetextTomastertheparagraphwritingskillUnit6 Tomakeabalancebetweenlearningandpart-timeworking;Toimprovetheoverallquality;Tostrengthentheawarenessofself-protectionandlegalprotection.Lead-in3.Whatsuggestionswillyouputforwardtowardstudentsplanningtoworkpart-time? Mainidea&structureLanguagefocusCriticalthinkingTextstudyToworkornottowork—Thatisthequestion ComparingstudentsworkingalotwiththoseworkingmuchlessContrastingworkerswithnon-workersintermsofcommitmenttoeducationassessingtheeffectsResearchmethods Itgivesabriefaccountoftheresearchobjective(to“measurethe______ofemploymenton_____________________”)andtheresearchmethods.impactstudentachievementPartI—Para.___1Mainidea&structure Mainidea&structureResearchobjective:tomeasurehowpart-timeworkaffectsstudentachievement.Thetextis_________aboutresearchontheeffectsof____________________on_____________________.(Para.1)areportpart-timeemploymentstudentperformance PartII—Paras.2-___Itreportstheresearch___________.findings4Mainidea&structure Accordingtotheresearch,howdoesaheavycommitmenttopart-timeworkaffectschoolperformance?(Para.2)Underminesandsignificantlyinterfereswithschoolachievementandcommitment.MainIdeasoftheParts Ontheotherhand,wealsodetectedadifferentpattern.Workingforapproximately________________________seeminglydoesnot________________________schoolperformance.Nevertheless,giventhathalfofallemployedseniors,aboutone-thirdofalljuniors,10hoursperweekorlesstakeaconsistenttollonPara.3MainIdeasoftheParts Para.3andaboutone-fifthofallsecond-yearstudentsworkabovethe20-hourlimit,indicationsarethatalargenumberofstudentsare___________compromisingtheirschoolcareerswiththeirpart-timejobs.atriskofMainIdeasoftheParts Whatisthepositiveresultafterstudentsstopworkingorreducetheirworkhours?(Para.4)Becomeinterestedinstudyagain.MainIdeasoftheParts PartIII—Paras.5-___Theauthorprovidesexplanationsforthefindings,thatis,whyworkingpart-timehassuchnegativeeffectsonstudents’academicstudies.8Mainidea&structureMainidea&structure Para.5Onecommonresponsetothistimepressureisthatworkingstudents偷懒bytakingeasierclasses,copyingassignmentsfromotherstudents,逃学,orrefusingtodoworkassignedbytheirteachers.Overtime,asthesebecomeestablishedpractices,students’commitmenttoschoolis逐渐地减少.cutcornersMainIdeasofthePartscuttingclasserodedbitbybit Whatisthesecondexplanation?(Para.6)Workingstudentsaretootiredfromworktostudybecausetheygetlessrestandeatlesshealthymeals.MainIdeasoftheParts Explanation3(Para.7)Theexcitementofearninglargesumsofspendingmoneymakesschoolseemlessrewardingandinteresting. Explanation4(Para.8)Workingstudentstakedrugsandusealcoholmoreoftenthannon-workingstudents. PartIII—Para.9decreasedschoolperformanceabandonthemyth10hoursperweekMainIdeasofthePartsWorking20hoursormoreweeklycanleadto___________________________________andincreaseddrugandalcoholuse.Ifstudentswanttobesuccessfulinschool,theyshould______________________thatearlyemploymentbuildscharacterandresolvetoworknomorethan_____________________.decreasedschoolperformanceabandonthemyth10hoursperweek Whatistheoverallattitudeoftheauthorregardingdoingpart-timejobswhilestudying?(Para.9)Acceptable,worknomorethan10hoursaweek.MainIdeasoftheParts ResearchmethodsResearchfindingsStructureoftheTextExplanationsforthenegativeeffects 与…形成对比；对照Theexpertsalsocontrastedsmokerswithnon-smokers,ondifferentindicatorsoftheircommitmenttoconduct.tocontrastwith专家们还对比了吸烟者和不吸烟者在行动力投入程度方面的不同指征。 妨碍；阻止Sharpeningtheaxewillnotinterferewiththecuttingoffirewood.tointerferewith磨刀不误砍柴工。 对…产生不良影响(curriculum/fiercecompetition)Thedifficultcurriculum,andfiercecompetitionhavetakenaserioustollonstudents’physicalandmentalhealth.totakea/itstollon高难度的课程和激烈的竞争严重影响了这些学生的身心健康。 习惯于做某事tobeaccustomedtosth.Loveismutual,whichneedstopay,alsowantstoharvest.We,asparents,pleasedonotbeblindlyaccustomedtopayingforourchildren.爱是相互的，它需要付出，也要去收获。作为家长的我们，千万不要一味习惯为孩子付出爱。 造成后果，贡献Animalfatsandsugarcontributetoaweightproblemandcanbeafactorinheartdisease.动物脂肪和糖会导致体重增加，而且可能是引起心脏病的一个因素。tocontributeto 继续感到；仍然相信Thousandsofmilesapart,wemetwithquarrels,andsometimesevenacoldwar,butwestillholdontolove.我们相隔千里，有争吵，也有冷战，但我们依然相信爱情。toholdonto FunctionalPatternsFunctions&Usages1.Nevertheless,giventhat…,indications/proofs/investigationsarethatsb.isatriskofdoingsth.用于表达“在某种证据下，某人做某事所产生的风险”。2.Inotherwords,themoresb.do,thelesssb.become/do.用于表达“某人做某事产生的相反效果”。3.Accordingtosb.’sstudies/surveys/investigations,sth.,inturn,maybelinkedtosth.,andtherefore,islikelytodosth.用于表达“某事造成的影响”。 Nevertheless,giventhat…,indications/proofs/investigationsarethatsb.areatriskofdoingsth.句型提炼用于表达“在某种证据下，某人做某事所产生的风险”。FunctionalPatterns Criticalthinking1.Doyouthinkearlyemploymentcanbuildcharacter?Whyorwhynot?No,notnecessarily.Thoughearlyemploymentmayhelpstudentstogainsomeworkexperience,itisnotnecessarilyhelpfulinbuildingtheircharacter.Becausetheyhavetospendquitealotoftimeworkingandmaybecomelessresponsibleorlesscommittedtotheirstudy.Toomuchworkmayalsoleadtoalcoholanddrugabuse.So,insomecases,earlyemploymentwouldunderminecharacterbuildingratherthanhelpit. 1.Wisdominthemindisbetterthanmoneyinthehand.（脑中有知识，胜过手中有金钱。）2.Lifeisachessgamewhilehappinessisdevotion.(人生就是一盘棋，而幸福就是投入。)SentenceWriting Example:Ifyouwanttogetthebestworkpossiblewithanemploymentagency,it’simportanttorememberthefollowingthreepoints.(Topicsentence)First,registerwithmorethanoneagencysothatyouhaveabetterchanceofgettingabetterjob.(Listing1)Second,beresponsibleandtrustworthy.Whenyoureceiveanassignment,doyourbest.ParagraphWriting Example:Employmentagenciesusuallykeeparecordofyouremploymenthistory,whichmayaffectyourfuturejob-seeking.(Listing2)Finally,becauseemploymentagenciesmaycontactyouatanytime,youneedtobeavailableallthetime.Makingyourselfavailableandreadyisveryimportanttogetthebestwork.(Listing3) WhypeoplegetfiredfromtheirjobsThereareseveralreasonswhypeoplegetfiredfromtheirjobs.(Topicsentence)First,peoplemaylosetheirjobsiftheyhavedishonestbehavior,suchascheatingintheirjobapplicationortellingliesinwork.(Listing1)Second,employeesmaybelaidoffduetopoorattendance.Nobosslikesanemployeewhoisoftenlatefororabsentfromwork.(Listing2)ParagraphWriting WhypeoplegetfiredfromtheirjobsThird,peoplehavingdifficultygettingalongwiththeirco-workersarealsolikelytobefiredbecausetheymaycauseconflictsintheworkplace.(Listing3)Therefore,tobeagoodemployee,itisimportanttobehonest,punctual,andcooperative.ParagraphWriting 支气管哮喘与顺尔宁绍兴二院儿科钱烘云2011年4月 病例讨论 病例特点男，3岁，绍兴人，既往有婴幼儿湿疹病史，家族中无哮喘患者，既往有“支气管炎”病史2次，预防接种无脱落。主诉：反复咳嗽三月余，加重伴发热3天。临床表现以反复咳嗽、晨起或夜间为重；有时伴喘息。偶有夜间咳醒。常伴鼻部发痒，鼻塞流涕，偶有脓涕。曾间断性“雾化吸入”、“舒喘灵”及抗生素口服治疗，咳嗽能缓解，从未消失。近三天咳嗽加剧，伴发热，达39℃以上，发病以来无体重下降，无潮热盗汗。 病例特点查体：咽充血（+），咽后壁滤泡成鹅卵石样排列，胸骨上窝凹陷，呼吸38次/分，双肺呼吸音粗，可闻及少许干湿罗音，左肺明显，呼吸相延长。辅助检查：查胸片示肺纹理增多，左侧见云雾状淡薄影。血常规示：WBC：10.510^9/LNE：45.3%，PLT：30210^9/L，CRP：30.2mg/L。肺炎支原体抗体阳性（1：320）。ASO阴性。血沉：18MM/H。血生化及大小便常规皆示正常。PPD（-）。副鼻窦CT示未见异常。血清总IgE640IU/ML(偏高)，屋尘阳性。痰培养呼吸道正常菌群生长 诊治过程入院后与“头孢唑肟+阿奇霉素针”5天，“舒普深+红霉素”3天，患儿肺部体征明显好转2天，肺部又出现中等量湿罗音。考虑支气管异物可能，转杭州儿童医院诊，纤支镜检查无特殊发现，予“阿奇霉素针”5天后出院。 咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)慢性咳嗽﹥4周，常夜间或清晨发作或加重，以干咳为主；临床无感染症状，或经较长时间抗生素治疗无效；抗哮喘药物(支气管舒张药物、糖皮质激素)诊断性治疗有效；排除其他原因引起的慢性咳嗽；支气管激发试验阳性和（或）最大呼气流量（PEF）每日变异率（连续检测1-2周）≥20%个人或一、二级亲属特异性疾病史或变应原检测阳性以上1-4条诊断基本条件 支气管哮喘反复发作喘息、咳嗽、气促、胸闷，多与接触变应原、冷空气、物理、化学性刺激、呼吸道感染以及运动等有关，常夜间或清晨发作或加据；发作时双肺可闻及散在或弥漫性，以呼吸相为主的哮鸣音，呼气相延长经抗哮喘药物(支气管舒张药物、糖皮质激素)治疗有效或缓解； 支气管哮喘排除其他疾病引起喘息、咳嗽、气促、胸闷临床不典型的，至少以1项；()支气管激发试验或运动激发试验阳性。(2)证实存在可逆性气流受限a，吸入速效β2受体激动剂后15min第一秒用力呼气量（PEV1）增加≥12%；b，抗哮喘治疗有效c，最大呼气流量（PEF）每日变异率（连续检测1-2周）≥20%符合1-4条或4-5条可以诊断哮喘 过敏性鼻炎病史；症状，特异性体质，家族史临床表现；鼻痒，喷嚏、鼻分泌物和鼻塞四大症状，特殊体征“过敏性黑眼圈”或“过敏性着色”，“过敏性敬礼”“过敏性抽搐”“过敏性鼻皱痕”辅助检查鼻腔检查，鼻粘膜苍白水肿或充血肿胀，鼻甲水肿。鼻粘膜试子涂片过敏原点刺试验，阳性至少一种≥++血清或鼻部分泌物总IgE。特异性IgE升高 有无感染：支原体感染症状，体征，肺炎支原体抗体示阳性（1：320），胸片示肺纹理增多，左侧见云雾状淡薄影 排除其他慢性咳嗽喘息病因支气管异物肺结核上气道综合症；鼻后滴漏综合征（鼻炎/鼻窦炎）嗜酸粒细胞性支气管炎（EB）胃食道反流性咳嗽（GERD）其他原因：其他感染，占位，支气管扩张；支气管肺发育不全；气道内膜病变；间质性肺疾病；精神性咳嗽（心因性） 诊断：过敏性鼻炎，支气管哮喘，支原体肺炎 治疗（同一气道，同一种疾病）抗感染，后期序贯治疗哮喘控制治疗，患儿属于轻度-中度持续；储雾罐+顺尔宁过敏性鼻炎治疗；抗组胺药，糖皮质激素喷鼻剂；白三烯受体拮抗剂(LTRA)，肥大细胞膜稳定剂，抗胆碱能药，减充血剂；随访；舒利迭+顺尔宁维持 顺尔宁治疗哮喘及过敏性鼻炎依据国外经验已经把白三烯受体拮抗剂作为一线用药，可单药或联合激素及LABA使用我国最新的儿童哮喘诊治与防治指南均推荐使用，特别是合并过敏性鼻炎治疗白三烯受体拮抗剂作用；非激素类抗炎药，依从性高；能抑制平滑肌中白三烯的活性，并预防和抑制白三烯导致的血管通透性增加，气道嗜酸性粒细胞浸润和支气管痉挛；耐受性好，副作用少，服用方便。（中华儿科杂志2008.10） 谢谢'