最新直接引语变间接引语课件PPT课件.ppt 56页

' 直接引语：Mr.Blacksaid,“I’mbusy.”间接引语:Mr.Blacksaidthathewasbusy.DirectspeechandIndirectspeech直接引语和间接引语直接引述别人的原话叫直接引语。(直接引语一般前后要加引号)用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语.(间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。间接引语不用引号)。直接引语变间接引语，即变为宾语从句(宾语从句必须用陈述语序)主要需要注意以下四点：1.人称的变化。2.引导词的变化。3.时态的变化。4.状语的变化。 1.人称变化(一般遵循这句顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称无变化”)1).“一随主”是指引号内的主语人称是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的主语人称。如：①.Theysaid,“Wewillgotherebybus.”→Theysaidtheywouldgotherebybus.②.Shesaid“Mysisterwantstogowithme.”→Shesaid(that)hersisterwantedtogowithher. ①.Shesaidtome,“Areyouinterestedinscience?”→SheaskedmeifIwasinterestedinscience.②.HesaidtoKate."Howisyoursisternow?"→HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen.2).“二随宾”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的宾语人称。如果引号外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。 ①.Hismothersaidtome,“Hecan"tgotoschool.”→Hismothertoldmethathecouldn"tgotoschool.②.MrSmithsaid,"Jack’sbrotherisagoodworker."→MrSmithsaidJack’sbrotherwasagoodworker.3).“第三人称不用变”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称一般不需要变化。 1).陈述句的间接引语—连接词用that,在口语中可省略。引述动词用said,told,等。例如：Hesaid:“I’veleftmybookinmyroom.”→Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.2.引导词的变化 2).疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接词用if或whether，而引述选择疑问句时只能用whether，引述动词用asked，没有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me,him等。例如：ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?”→SheaskedTomif/whetherhecouldhelpher. 3).特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如：→TheteacheraskedmehowIhadrepairedit.Theteacherasked,“Howdidyourepairit?” 3.时态的变化：直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般将来时现在进行时一般过去时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时 ①.一般现在时变一般过去时：Thegirlsaid,“I"msorryforbeinglateforclass.”→Thegirlsaidthatshewassorryforbeinglateforclass.②.一般过去时变过去完成时：Hesaidtome,“Imetyourfather.”→Hetoldmethathehadmetmyfather.③.一般将来时变过去将来时：Shesaid,“Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”→Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend. ④.现在完成时变过去完成时：Shesaid.“Ihavelostapen.”→Shesaidthatshehadlostapen⑤.现在进行时变过去进行时：Shesaidtome,“I’mstudyingJapanesethesedays.”→ShetoldmethatshewasstudyingJapanesethosedays. 1.Hesaid:“I’veleftmypeninmyroom.”→Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.Shesaidthathewouldbebusy.2.Shesaid:“Hewillbebusy.”→把下列直接引语改为间接引语 注意：但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。 (1)直接引语是客观真理。“Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth”,theteachertoldme.→Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth. (2)直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时,时态不变。XiaoWangsaid.“IwasbornonApril2l,1980.”→XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980. (3)直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的,变间接引语时,时态保持不变。Theboysaidtous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeveryday.”→Theboytoldusheusuallygetsupatsixeveryday. (4).若直接引语中含有when,since,while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句,变间接引语时,从句时态不变。如：Shesaid,“IwenttherewhenIwassixyearsold.”→Shesaidshehadgonetherewhenshewassixyearsold. (5).若直接引语的谓语中含有情态动词没有过去时的形式（oughtto,hadbetter,usedto)或已经是过去时的形式时(could,should,would,might)：等动词时。Shesaid,“Weshouldhelpeachother.”→Shesaidweshouldhelpeachother.Petersaid.“Youhadbettercomehavetoday.”→PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.Hesaid,“IcouldswimwhenIwasonlysix.”→Hesaidthathecouldswimwhenhewasonlysix. 6.过去完成时：Shesaid,“TheyhadleftwhenIarrivedthere.”→Shesaidtheyhadleftwhenshearrivedthere.7.过去进行时：Jacksaid,“John,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?”→JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet.8.一般现在时(为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时)Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.”MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent.Hesaid,“I’maboy,notagirl.”→Hesaidthatheisaboy,notagirl. 主句时态(引号外句子)9.一般现在时。Hesays,“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”→Hesaysthathehasfinishedhishomework.10.一般将来时。Shewillsay,“I"lldoittomorrow.”→Shewillsaythatshe"lldoitthenextday. 5.指示代词,时间状语,地点状语的变化直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”例:now变为then,yesterday变为thedaybefore,today变为thatday。地点状语,尤其表示方向性的,或用指示代词修饰的状语,由“此”改为“彼” 直接引语间接引语指示代词时间状语地点状语方向性动词this,that,thesethosenow,then,todaythatdaythisweekthatweekyesterdaythedaybeforelastweektheweekbeforefourdaysagofourdaysbeforethedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforetomorrowthenextdaynextmonththenextmonthheretherecome,go,bringtake 1.Mr.Woodsaid,“Wehaveanexameveryweek.”2.Isaidtoher,“Iwanttobeateachersomeday.”3.Thepatientasked,“WhatmedicineshouldItake?”4.Theteacherasked,“Whosebooksarethese?”Mr.Woodsaidthattheyhadanexameveryweek.ItoldherthatIwantedtobeateachersomeday.Thepatientaskedwhatmedicineheshouldtake.Theteacheraskedwhosebooksthosewere. 注：(1)如果在当天转述today,yesterday,tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。(2)如果在当地转述，here不必改为there，动词come不必改为go. 5.“Iamveryhappytovisityourfactory.”hesaid.6.Shesaid,“Idon’twanttolistentothemusicnow.”7.“Thereissomethingwrongwiththiscomputer,’saidthegirl.8.“Idon’tknowwherethefactoryis.”saidthewoman.Hetoldmethathewasveryhappytovisitmyfactory.Shesaidthatshedidn’twanttolistentothemusicthenThegirlsaidthattherewassomethingwrongwiththatcomputer.Thewomansaidthatshedidn’tknowwherethefactorywas. 9.“Iwillbeheretonight.”saidLiHua.10.“Iamleavingnextweek.”mysistersaidtome.11.Theysaid,”We’llhaveamatchtomorrowafternoon.”12.”Iwon’tgotoyourpartytomorrow,”Marytoldme.LiHuasaidthathewouldbetherethatnight.Mysistertoldmethatshewasleavingthenextweek.Theysaidthattheywouldhaveamatchthenextafternoon.Marytoldmethathewouldn’tgotomypartythenextday. 改错1.JohnsaidthatheisgoingtoLondonwithhisfather.2.HetoldmethathehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.3.TheteachertoldmethatImustpaymoreattentiontohispronunciation.4.Hesaidthesebookswerehis.5.Shesaidthatshewouldgothisevening6.Hesaidthathewaswashinghisclothesnow.7.ShetoldmethatshewasstudyingJapanesethesedays.is---washas---hadhis---mythese---thosethis---thatnow---thenthese---those 祈使句的间接引语——采用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。told/asked/ordered sb.(not)todosth.祈使句的直接引语和间接引语如果祈使句是表示请求，间接引语的动词常用ask，如果是表示命令，间接引语的动词常用tell,order,command等。 Theteachersaidtohermother,“Pleasegivemethebook.”→Theteacheraskedhermothertogiveherthebook.Theteachersaidtohermother,“Don’tgivemethebook.”→Theteachertoldhermothernottogiveherthebook. 不定式Theofficerorderedhimnottoleavehispost. 例如：Hesaid,"Let’sgotothefilm."→Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词（或从句）。” that引导的宾语从句Isuggestedthatwe(should)startatonce. that/what/how引导的宾语从句Hesaidthathewasveryhappy.Hesaidhowhappyhewas. 1.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome. →He______me_____thewindow.A.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closingC.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleaseclose练一练 2.Hesaid,“Don’tdothatagain.”He_____me_______thatagain.A.saidtome;nottodoB.saidtome;don’tdoC.toldme;don’tdoD.toldme;nottodo 3.“Don’tputitonmyhat.”hiswifesaidtohim.Hiswifetoldhim___putiton___hat.A.don’t,hisB.don’t,herC.notto,hisD.notto,her 4.RoseaskedTom,“Didyouseemypurse?”RoseaskedTom___.A.whetherthathehadseenherpurseB.whetherhehadseenherpurseC.thatwhetherhehadseenherpurseD.thatifhehasseenherpurse 5.Heaskedme________withme.A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwasC.what’sthematterD.whatwasthematter解析:如果直接引语是“What’sthematter?”“What’swrong?”“What’sthetrouble?”,变间接引语时语序不变。 6.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”→Heaskedme______.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember解析:选择疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句 7.“You’vealreadygotwell,haven’tyou?”sheasked.→Sheasked________.A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadn’tyou B.whetherIhadalreadygotwellC.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwell.解析:反意疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句. 8.Heasked________forthecomputer.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid 9.Theboysaid,“MayIgoalongwithyou?”Theboyaskedme___.A.ifImightgoalongwithyouB.ifhemightgoalongwithyouC.ifhemightgoalongwithmeD.ifhemightgoalongwiththeboy 10.Hesaid,“Mother,theboyisverynaughty.”→He____verynaughty.A.saidhismotherthattheboywasB.saidtohismotherthattheboyisC.toldhismotherthattheboywasD.spoketohismotherthattheboywas 练一练1.Shesaid,“IoftengotothebeachonSunday.”Shesaid________________________tothebeach…2.Hesaidtome,“Areyoulearningdancing?”He_____me___________________learningdancing.3.MrZhangsaid,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”MrZhangsaid_____light______fasterthansound.4.“WheredoesLindacomefrom?”sheasked.Sheasked__________________from.5.Ourteachersaidtous,“Cometoschoolearly.”Ourteacher______us____________toschoolearly.thatsheoftenwentaskedifIwasthattravelswhereLindacametoldtocome 练一练6.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?→Couldyoutellus_____Mr.Brown_______livinginChina?7."Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?”heaskedme.→Heaskedme______thegirl_________somehelp．8.Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.→Iwanttoknow_________thetrain_________.9.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.→LiLeiwantstoknow_________Peter_________hereyesterday.10..Howdoeshegetonwithhisnewclassmates?Couldyoutellme?→Couldyoutellmehow___________onwith______newclassmates?ifenjoysifneededwhenleavesifcamehegetshis 相信你能行1.Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.2.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are3.SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay4.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that5.Pleasetellme______lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkB.wheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksD.whereyoursisterworked6.Hesaid____therewasgoingtobeameetingthatevening.A.whatB.ifC.thatD.how7.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhoseA.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtakeACBCDCC 自我测试1.Idon"tknow______thedayaftertomorrow.A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.whetherhe"llcomeD.ifhecomes2.Couldyoutellme_________thenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.where3.Tomaskedmyfriend________.A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonC.whendidhecomebackD.nottobesoangry4.Letmetellyou________.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar5.Didyouknow____?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafterCDDDA Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey__________(return)ityesterday.Hesaidthatthey____________TVatninelastnight.(watch)Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________aboutYaoMingnow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)willbegoeswereplayingreturnedwaswatchingtravelsaretalkingwereweredoing 10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebooklastnight?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_______toLondonlastyear.(go)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)wrotemovestookwentrisesdid 将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework. 7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas. homework直接引语变间接引语练习1．Hesaid:“I’veleftmybookinmyroom.”2．ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?”3．Sheasked,“Isthisbookyoursorhis?”4．Theteacherasked,“howdidyourepairit?”5．Themothersaid,“Tom,getupearly,please.”6．Myfathersaid,“Practicemakesperfect.”7．Theboysaidtous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeveryday.”8．Shesaid,“IreadthebookwhileIwaswaitingforabus.9．Mr.Greensaidtothem,“Joetoldmeallabouthisstorywhenheaskedforajob.” 10．Shesaid,“Hedemandedthatthegirlleaveatonce.”11．Shesaidtous,“I’llcomeheretomorrow.”12．“Wheredoesyourchemistryteacherlive,Karen?”theyoungmanasked.13．“Willyougototheconcertwithmethisevening?”Maryaskedme.14．“Whatdidyoudohereyesterday?”theoldmanaskedmybrother. 答案：1．Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.2．SheaskedTomif/whetherhecouldhelpher.3．Sheaskedmewhetherthatbookwasmineorhis.4．TheteacheraskedmehowIhadrepairedit.7．ThemotheraskedTomtogetupearly.6．Myfathersaidpracticemakesperfect.7．Theboytoldusheusuallygetsupatsixeveryday.8．Shesaidshehadreadthebookwhileshewaswaitingforabus.9．Mr.GreentoldthemJoehadtoldhimallabouthisstorywhenheaskedforajob.10．Shesaidhedemandedthatthegirlleaveatonce. 11．Shetoldusshewouldcomeheretomorrow12．TheyoungmanaskedKarenwhereherchemistryteacherlived.13．Maryaskedmeif/whetherIwouldgototheconcertwithherthatevening.14．Theoldmanaskedmybrotherwhathehaddonetherethedaybefore. 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