最新杏苏散温病条辨(1)课件PPT.ppt 45页

'杏苏散温病条辨(1) 燥证外燥内燥温燥（热+燥）凉燥（寒+燥）—感受秋令燥邪—脏腑精亏液耗上燥中燥下燥—肾大肠—胃—肺 分类滋润内燥——养阴清肺汤轻宣外燥——杏苏散 桑杏汤《温病条辨》头痛身热不甚口渴咽干鼻燥干咳无痰或痰少而粘舌红苔薄白而干脉浮数而右脉大外感温燥证温燥外袭肺失清肃轻宣外燥 桑杏汤《温病条辨》君桑叶—甘寒，清宣燥热杏仁—宣降肺气，润燥止咳臣豆豉—辛凉解表，助桑叶清宣透热贝母—清热化痰，助杏仁止咳化痰沙参—润肺止咳生津佐栀子—皮质轻而入上焦清泄肺热梨皮—清热润肺，止咳化痰清宣温燥凉润止咳轻宣外燥 清燥救肺汤《医门法律》身热，头痛干咳无痰，气逆而喘胸满胁痛咽喉干燥，鼻燥心烦口渴舌干无苔脉虚大而数温燥伤肺之重证温燥伤肺耗气伤阴肺失清肃轻宣外燥 清燥救肺汤《医门法律》臣石膏—清肺热麦冬—养阴润肺清燥润肺轻宣外燥使甘草—调和诸药君桑叶↑—重用，清宣肺中燥热，止咳佐杏仁↓、枇杷叶↓—降利肺气阿胶、胡麻仁—养阴润肺人参、甘草—益气和中 养阴清肺汤《重楼玉钥》喉间起白如腐不易拭去咽喉肿痛鼻干唇燥初起或发热或不发热或咳或不咳似喘非喘，呼吸有声脉数无力或细数白喉证素体阴虚蕴热复感燥气疫毒滋润内燥 养阴清肺汤《重楼玉钥》臣麦冬—养阴润肺，益胃生津玄参—养肺肾之阴，解毒散结，利咽白芍—养血敛阴养阴清肺解毒利咽滋润内燥使生甘草—润肺解毒，调和诸药佐贝母—润肺化痰，泄热散结丹皮—清热凉血，活血消肿薄荷—散邪利咽君生地—养肾阴，清热凉血 麦门冬汤《金匮要略》咳唾涎沫短气喘促咽喉干燥舌干红少苔脉虚数肺胃阴虚证肺痿肺胃阴虚虚火上炎气机逆上滋润内燥胃阴不足气逆呕吐口渴咽干舌红少苔脉虚数 麦门冬汤《金匮要略》佐粳米、大枣滋养肺胃降逆和中滋润内燥君麦门冬—养肺胃之阴，清肺胃之虚火臣人参、甘草使甘草—调和诸药益气养胃，培土生金半夏—降逆化痰，和胃止呕。虽辛温，但与大量麦冬配伍，燥性被制而降逆之功犹存，且麦冬得半夏滋而不腻，相反相成。 百合固金汤《慎斋遗书》咳痰带血咽喉燥痛手足心热骨蒸盗汗舌红少苔脉细数肺肾阴虚虚火上炎之咳血证肺肾阴虚虚火灼金滋润内燥 百合固金汤《慎斋遗书》臣生地熟地玄参养阴润肺化痰止咳滋肾壮水以制虚火金水相生滋润内燥使生甘草—调和诸药，兼能清热君百合、麦冬—滋肺润燥，清虚火而止咳佐当归—养血补肝，引血归经，并治咳逆上气白芍—养血敛阴柔肝贝母—润肺化痰止咳桔梗—载药入肺，化痰利咽生地兼凉血止血玄参兼解毒散结利咽 玉液汤《医学衷中参西录》口渴引饮小便频数量或小便浑浊困倦短气舌嫩红而干脉虚细无力消渴证气虚不布肾亏胃燥滋润内燥 玉液汤《医学衷中参西录》君黄芪、山药—益气滋阴，补脾固肾臣知母滋阴清热，润燥止渴天花粉配黄芪山药使气旺水生佐葛根—升阳生津，助脾气上升散精达肺鸡内金—助脾健运而化水谷五味子—酸收固肾生津益气生津润燥止渴滋润内燥 琼玉膏《洪氏集验方》干咳肺肾阴虚咽燥咳血虚火灼肺肌肉消瘦脾胃气虚气短乏力生化不足肺痨证脾胃气虚肺肾阴亏滋润内燥君生地—滋阴壮水臣白蜜—补中润肺佐人参益气健脾而土津生，茯苓味淡气薄能化痰涎，用于大量滋润药中，茯苓可使滋而不腻，补而不滞益气补脾滋阴润肺 增液汤《温病条辨》大便秘结或下后二、三日下证复现脉沉无力津亏肠燥证津亏肠燥阳明温病滋润内燥君玄参—苦咸寒，清热养阴生津，启肾水以滋肠润燥臣细生地—甘寒，清热养阴润燥佐麦冬—甘寒，增液润燥增液润燥 新视野大学英语读写教程第三版B3U1SectionA课后练习答案 Pre-readingactivitiesP21Ithinktherearemainlythreereasonsleadingtomostpeople"sfailuretoachievesuccessintheend.First,theydonothavethepassion.Allthesuccessfulpeoplelovetheirworkandtheyhaveastrongpassionforit.Second,mostpeoplearenotclearaboutwhattheywant.Theydonotknowtheexactdestinationthattheywanttoreach,sotheyendupgoingnowhere.Finally,mostpeopledonotfocusonwhattheywant.Theyareonlyfocusingonandthinkingaboutwhattheydonnotwant,butthesuccessfulpeoplethinkabouttheirdreamsandtheirgoalsandhowtheycanachievethemallthetime.2.Inmyopinion,thereareatleastthreestepsapartfromtheonesintroducedinthetalk.First,weshouldlearntoadoptsuitablestrategies,whicharecriticaltomakingyouractionefficientandeffective.Second,weshouldrealizethesignificanceoflearning,whichcanprovideuswithsufficientknowledgeandskillsneededforachievingourgoals.Andfinally,weshouldcreateorfindopportunitiesratherthanwaitforopportunitiestofindus. ScriptIsitreallypossibletoachieveanythingyouwantinyourlife?Theanswerisa“yes”.Aslongasyouarecommittedtoyourgoalsandyouarepassionateaboutyourdreams,youwilleventuallyaccomplishthem.ToAccomplishamazingresultsinyourlife,youhavetobe100percentcommittedandyoumustbewillingtosacrificeyourtimeandeffort.Herearethreestepsthatyoumayfollowtomakeyourdreamscometrue.Step1---MapyourgoalsoutWritedownyourgoalsanddevelopadetailedblue-printofhowyouarenotgoingtoachievethem.Withoutgoals,youarenotgoingtostayfocusedonthedirectionyouareheading;youwillbedistractedbyyourSurroundings. Step2---BelieveinyourselfYoumustbelievethatyoucanattainyourgoalsandthatyourdreamswillcometrue.Ifyoudon’tbelieveinwhatyoudo,youwillneverachievewhatyouseek.Thisiscommonsense.Beliefiswhatdrivesyou.Youneedtohaveafirmbeliefbeforeyoucanachievesomething.Step3---TakeactionTakemassiveandconsistentaction.Successisallabouttakingconsistentactioneachday.Withouttakingaction,nothingwillcometrue.Itisnotthatonedayyouwakeupandyouhaveamilliondollarsinyourbank.Successwillnotcomeautomatically.Youhavetoworkforit;youhavetobringabouttheresults. UnderstandingthetextP91Heachievedfameforhiswit,wisdom,civicduty,andabundantcourage.2Theywerethoughttobeslowlearnersinchildhood,buttheyovercametheirchildhooddifficultiesandmademagnificentdiscoveriesthatbenefittheentireworldtoday.3Hisstrongwill.4Itmeanstokeeptheirfocusonachievingapositiveendresult,insteadoflettingsmallproblemsgetinthewayofgoodresults. UnderstandingthetextP95Becausetheyhavethewilltoovercomeprofoundobstaclesandtoworkdiligentlyinthepursuitoftheirgoals,andhavethepassionforsuccess.6Becausefirmspreferredtohirelessqualifiedmenratherthanriskhiringafemalelawyer,whichwasunprecedented.7Weshouldnevergiveuponourdream,andonedaywecanchangetheworldandmakeitabetterplace.8Thesecretofsuccessisbuiltuponaburninginwarddesire---arobust,fiercewillandfocus---thatfuelsthedeterminationtoact,tokeeppreparing,tokeepgoingevenwhenwearetiredandfail. CriticalthinkingP91Youmayhavetriedandfailedmanytimesbeforeyoufinallygetsuccess.Butitdoesnotmatter.Whatmattersiswhetheryoucansummonup(鼓起)allyourcourageagainandagaintofacethehardshipsstandinginthewayofsuccess.2Luck,talent,goodrelationshipswithyourcolleagues,etc. CriticalthinkingP93WhenIhaverealizedthatIampursuingsomethingthatishardtoachieve,Iwouldtrytosticktothegoal.ButlwillbegintothinkofwhatIcandotoimprovethesituation.Whenitstilldoesn"twork,Iwouldtrytoanalyzewhattheproblemisandthenmakesomechangesandprobablyresetmygoal.Yes,sometimeswearepursuingthewronggoalwhichcanneverbeachieved,onlytofindourselvesindeepfrustrationandprofoundfatigue.Inthissituation,Imaygiveupthewronggoalandsetupanothergoalthatisachievable. CriticalthinkingP94Followingtheguidanceofseniorpeople.•Gettingsoundadvicefromourparents.•Settingacorrectgoal.•Achievingsuccessstepbystep.•Developinggoodinterpersonalrelationships. WordsinuseP9lwhereby2pursuit3inhibit4maintain5patriotic6transcended7endeavors8dedication9prestige10nominate WordbuildingP11WordslearnedNewwordsformed-antinhabitantinhabitparticipateparticipantattendattendantpollutepollutantdescenddescendantcontestcontestanttoleratetolerantresultresultant-fulneglectneglectfulresourceresourcefulboastboastfulrespectrespectful WordbuildingP11lresultant2tolerant3pollutants4inhabited5contestants6descendants7attendants8respectful9participants10neglectful11resourceful12boastful BankedclozeP121F2G3H4J5E6A7N8I9Kl0M ExpressionsinuseP12lremovedfrom2failedin3inthepursuitof4deviatedfrom5precludes;from6triumphover7worktheirwayinto8writtenoff StructuredwritingP15They say there’s no place like home. In my case, there isn’t much that is good about my apartment. My apartment has given me nothing but headaches. From the day I signed the lease, I’ve had to deal with an uncooperative landlord, an incompetent janitor, and inconsiderate neighbors.First of all, my landlord has been uncooperative since the first day I moved to the apartment. He didn’t let me bring my fish into the apartment. He said that pets are not allowed even though it’s just a fish. Because of that, I must leave my fish at my parents’ house. He also forbids me from using water from 9 a.m. until 3 p.m. Because of that, I must wake up at 7 a.m. every day to take a bath. Of course I complained about this to him, but he said that is the apartment’s rule. Before I leased the apartment, he didn’t say that there are such rules in the apartment. StructuredwritingP15I’ve had problems not only with my landlord but also with an incompetent janitor. The janitor is a retired policeman. He tried to fix the pipe in the apartment, but he flooded the apartment instead.He also broke my air conditioner when he tried to fix it. Because of that, my apartment becomes as hot as a desert every afternoon. Not only that, but he also broke my antique vase that cost me $100. Even worse, when he plugged his USB flash drive into my laptop to copy my songs, the viruses from his flash drive spread into my laptop. I had to reformat my laptop, and because of that, all of my important documents are gone. StructuredwritingP15Perhaps the worst trouble of all has been with the inconsiderate neighbors who live in the apartment above me. My neighbors are two university students. They have lived upstairs for about one year. They like to party, so I can’t sleep. This happened not only once, but every Saturday night. I tried to speak to them, but they suggested putting in ear plugs when I’m about to sleep. On top of it all, they always turn up the volume of their music to the maximum.Sometimes, my apartment seems like a small, friendly oasis surrounded by hostile enemies. I never know what other trouble is going to come from next: the landlord, the janitor, or the neighbors. Home may be where the heart is, but my sanity is thinking about moving out. TranslationP16Globalcitizenissomeonewhoidentifieswithbeingpartofanemergingworldcommunityandwhoseactionscontributetobuildingthiscommunity"svaluesandpractices.世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子，而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。Globalcitizenshipbelievesthathumankindisessentiallyonandeachindividualhasthepowertochangethings.世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体，任何个人都有改变事物的能力。Inourinterdependentworld,globalcitizenshipencouragesustorecognizeourresponsibilitiestowardeachotherandlearnfromeachother.在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中，世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任，并从对方身上学习。 TranslationP16Globalcitizenscareabouteducation,disease,poverty,andenvironmentalissuesaroundtheworld.世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。Today,theforcesofglobalengagementarehelpingsomepeopleidentifythemselvesasglobalcitizenswhohaveasenseofbelongingtoaworldcommunity.在当今，全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识，让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。Thisgrowingglobalidentityinlargepartismadepossiblebytheforcesofmoderninformation,communicationsandtransportationtechnologies.这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲，要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量 TranslationP16Globalcitizenshipaimstoempowerpeopletoleadtheirownaction.世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量让他们付诸行动。Alongwiththeknowledgeandvaluesthattheyhavegainedfromlearningaboutglobalissues,peopleneedtobeequippedwiththenecessaryskillstogivethemselvestheabilityandconfidencetobepro-activeinmakingapositivedifferenceintheworld.世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观，还要拥有必需的技能，使他们拥有能力和自信，积极推动世界的发展。 TranslationP16世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子，而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体，任何个人都有改变事物的能力。在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中，世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任，并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。在当今，全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识，让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲，要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量。世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量，让他们付诸行动。世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观，还要拥有必需的技能，使他们拥有能力和自信，积极推动世界的发展。 TranslationP16如今，很多年轻人不再选择"稳定"的工作，他们更愿意自主创业，依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。Nowadays,manyyoungpeoplenolongerchoose"stable"jobs.Instead,theyprefertostarttheirownbusinessesandrealizetheirself-valuethroughtheirownwisdomandefforts. TranslationP16青年创业（youngentrepreneurship）是未来国家经济活力的来源，创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活，从长远来看，对于国家更是一件好事，创业者正是让中国经济升级换代的力量。Youngentrepreneurshipisthesourceofnationaleconomicvitalityinthefuture.Thesuccessofentrepreneursnotonlycreatesfortune,increasesjobopportunities,improvespeople"slife,butitisalsogoodforthecountryinthelongterm.EntrepreneursareadrivingforceinupgradingChina"seconomy. TranslationP16尤其是在当前，国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新，在政策上给予中小企业支持，这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。Especiallyforthetimebeing,ourcountryisencouragingpeopletostarttheirownbusinessesandmakeinnovationsandgivingpolicysupportformediumandsmallbusinesses.Thisfurtherarousesyoungpeople"senthusiasmtostarttheirownbusinesses. TranslationP16Nowadays,manyyoungpeoplenolongerchoose"stable"jobs.Instead,theyprefertostarttheirownbusinessesandrealizetheirself-valuethroughtheirownwisdomandefforts.Youngentrepreneurshipisthesourceofnationaleconomicvitalityinthefuture.Thesuccessofentrepreneursnotonlycreatesfortune,increasesjobopportunities,improvespeople"slife,butitisalsogoodforthecountryinthelongterm.EntrepreneursareadrivingforceinupgradingChina"seconomy.Especiallyforthetimebeing,ourcountryisencouragingpeopletostarttheirownbusinessesandmakeinnovationsandgivingpolicysupportformediumandsmallbusinesses.Thisfurtherarousesyoungpeople"senthusiasmtostarttheirownbusinesses.'